Spiritual Well-Being in Appalachian Family Caregivers.

Introduction: Dementia and heart failure (HF) are the most common co-existing end-of-life conditions among rural older adults requiring extensive caregiving. Studies conducted in Appalachia have found that caregivers report a lack of information about palliative care and managing complex care at home. They also indicate the need for spiritual support.

The Effect of Grapevine Age ( L. cv. Zinfandel) on Phenology and Gas Exchange Parameters over Consecutive Growing Seasons.

Unlike most crop industries, there is a strongly held belief within the wine industry that increased vine age correlates with quality. Considering this perception could be explained by vine physiological differences, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vine age on phenology and gas exchange parameters. An interplanted, dry farmed, Zinfandel vineyard block under consistent management practices in the Central Coast of California was evaluated over two consecutive growing seasons.