Noninvasive skin fluorescence spectroscopy for detection of abnormal glucose tolerance.

The ENGINE study evaluated noninvasive skin fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) for detection of abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT). The AGT detection performance of SFS was compared to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A (A1C). The study was a head-to-head comparison of SFS to FPG and A1C in an at-risk population of 507 subjects, with no prior diagnosis of diabetes, each of whom received a 75 g, two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Noninvasive skin fluorescence spectroscopy is comparable to hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose for detection of abnormal glucose tolerance.

Aim: We compare performance of noninvasive skin fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and hemoglobin A1c (A1C) for detection of abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT).

Methods: The NSEEDS trial evaluated SFS, FPG, and A1C in an at-risk population of 479 previously undiagnosed subjects from nine US centers, each of whom received a 75 g, 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Skin fluorescence spectra were collected and analyzed with SCOUT DS® devices.

Cross-sectional evaluation of noninvasively detected skin intrinsic fluorescence and mean hemoglobin a1c in type 1 diabetes.

Background: This study evaluated the relationship between skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) and long-term mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Subjects And Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of 172 individuals with type 1 diabetes followed longitudinally with HbA1c data available over an average of 16.6 years.

Noninvasive type 2 diabetes screening: clinical evaluation of SCOUT DS in an Asian Indian cohort.

Objective: This study evaluated the noninvasive, point-of-care diabetes screening device, Scout DS (VeraLight Inc., Albuquerque, NM) (SCOUT), in a native Asian Indian cohort.

Research Design And Methods: SCOUT is a tabletop, skin fluorescence spectrometer that reports a risk score following a 3-4-min noninvasive measurement of a subject's left volar forearm.

Skin intrinsic fluorescence is associated with coronary artery disease in individuals with long duration of type 1 diabetes.

Objective: Skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) reflects many factors, including the presence of certain advanced glycation end products. We investigated whether SIF was associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 1 diabetes and whether this relationship was independent of renal disease.

Research Design And Methods: SIF was measured in 112 subjects from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study and 60 from MedStar Health Research Institute when mean age and diabetes duration were 48 and 36 years, respectively.

Skin intrinsic fluorescence correlates with autonomic and distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To determine whether skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) was associated with autonomic neuropathy and confirmed distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (CDSP) in 111 individuals with type 1 diabetes (mean age 49 years, mean diabetes duration 40 years).

Research Design And Methods: SIF was measured using the SCOUT DM device. Autonomic neuropathy was defined as an electrocardiographic abnormal heart rate response to deep breathing (expiration-to-inspiration ratio <1.

Skin fluorescence correlates strongly with coronary artery calcification severity in type 1 diabetes.

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is more severe and occurs at an earlier age in type 1 diabetes. Risk factors for this subclinical marker of atherosclerotic burden, like coronary artery disease (CAD) itself, are not fully identified. One postulated mechanism for the increased CAC observed in type 1 diabetes is the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

Three-dimensional prepolarized magnetic resonance imaging using rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement.

Prepolarized MRI (PMRI) with pulsed electromagnets has the potential to produce diagnostic quality 0.5- to 1.0-T images with significantly reduced cost, susceptibility artifacts, specific absorption rate, and gradient noise.

Prepolarized magnetic resonance imaging around metal orthopedic implants.

A prepolarized MRI (PMRI) scanner was used to image near metal implants in agar gel phantoms and in in vivo human wrists. Comparison images were made on 1.5- and 0.

Magnetic resonance imaging with T1 dispersion contrast.

Prepolarized MRI uses pulsed magnetic fields to produce MR images by polarizing the sample at one field strength (approximately 0.5 T) before imaging at a much lower field (approximately 50 mT). Contrast reflecting the T(1) of the sample at an intermediate field strength is achieved by polarizing the sample and then allowing the magnetization to decay at a chosen "evolution" field before imaging.

Rapid polarizing field cycling in magnetic resonance imaging.

We describe the electronics for controlling the independently pulsed polarizing coil in a prepolarized magnetic resonance imaging (PMRI) system and demonstrate performance with free induction decay measurements and in vivo imaging experiments. A PMRI scanner retains all the benefits of acquiring MRI data at low field, but with the higher signal of the polarizing field. Rapidly and efficiently ramping the polarizing coil without disturbing the data acquisition is one of the major challenges of PMRI.