Synthesis, modeling, and biological evaluation of anti-tubulin indole-substituted furanones.

Due to the central role of tubulin in various cellular functions, it is a validated target for anti-cancer therapeutics. However, many of the current tubulin inhibitors are derived from complex natural products and suffer from multidrug resistance, low solubility, toxicity issues, and/or the lack of multi-cancer efficacy. As such, there is a continued need for the discovery and development of new anti-tubulin drugs to enter the pipeline.

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts on organic and conventionally grown produce.

Toxoplasma gondii infection can result in toxoplasmosis and potential psychological effects. Research commonly focuses on infection through contact with cat fecal matter or consumption of contaminated meat. However, T.

Burden of illness for patients with cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a retrospective claims analysis.

Background: Advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Novel second-line treatments for advanced CCA underscore the need to understand treatment patterns and economic burden of illness in clinical practice.

Methods: This retrospective, claims-based study using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database [2007-2019] selected patients with CCA who experienced failure of a line of therapy containing either gemcitabine or fluorouracil.

Discovery of an indole-substituted furanone with tubulin polymerization inhibition activity.

Analogs of diarylpyrrolinone lead compound 1 were prepared and tested for anti-proliferative activity in U-937 cancer cells. Alterations of 1 focused on modifying the two nitrogen atoms: a) the pyrrolinone nitrogen atom was substituted with a propyl group or replaced with an oxygen atom (furanone), and b) the substituents on the indole nitrogen were varied. These changes led to the discovery of a furanone analog 3b with sub-micromolar anti-cancer potency and tubulin polymerization inhibition activity.

Investigation of the Internal Structure of a Modern Seafloor Hydrothermal Chimney With a Combination of EBSD, EPMA, and XRD.

Samples from the sphalerite-dominated zone of a seafloor massive sulfide chimney, the Satanic Mills Chimney of the PACMANUS hydrothermal field, have been investigated to determine the internal macrostructure and microstructure of this zone, the phases present, and the distribution of metals. A combination of electron probe microanalysis, electron backscattered diffraction, and x-ray diffraction has been used. At the macroscale, this zone of the chimney wall is heavily porous and is comprised primarily of sphalerite, enclosing minor chalcopyrite, pyrite, and wurtzite.

Incorporation of γ-butyrolactone (GBL) dramatically lowers the phase transition temperature of formamidinium-based metal halide perovskites.

We demonstrate that the δ to α phase transition temperature of formamidinium-based perovskites is reduced by ∼50 °C through the incorporation of ∼2 wt% γ-butyrolactone (GBL) into the crystal lattice. The intercalation of GBL is found to expand the unit cell of the δ-phase, reducing the energy barrier for thermal conversion.

A flow cell for the study of gas-solid reactions via in situ powder X-ray diffraction.

This paper describes the development and testing of a novel capillary flow cell for use in in situ powder X-ray diffraction experiments. It is designed such that it achieves 200° of rotation of the capillary whilst still allowing the flow of gas through the sample and the monitoring of off gas via mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, or other such analytical techniques. This high degree of rotation provides more uniform heating of the sample than can be achieved in static cells or those with lower rotational ranges and consequently also improves particle statistics.

Vacancy Generation and Oxygen Uptake in Cu-Doped Pr-CeO Materials using Neutron and in Situ X-ray Diffraction.

The oxygen uptake ability of Pr-CeO-based oxygen carriers, catalysts, and solid oxide fuel cells can be attributed to 3+ cation generation and the presence of vacant oxygen sites. Oxygen occupancies of CeO, Pr-CeO, and 5% Cu-doped Pr-CeO were investigated using neutron diffraction and related to the oxygen uptake as determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The presence of vacant tetrahedral oxygen sites at room temperature did not correspond to low-temperature oxygen uptake.

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation of the evolution of a PbO₂/PbSO₄ surface layer on a copper electrowinning Pb anode in a novel electrochemical flow cell. Corrigendum.

Figures 7 and 8 of the article by Clancy et al. [(2015), J. Synchrotron Rad.

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation of the evolution of a PbO₂/PbSO₄ surface layer on a copper electrowinning Pb anode in a novel electrochemical flow cell.

This paper describes the quantitative measurement, by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (S-XRD) and subsequent Rietveld-based quantitative phase analysis and thickness calculations, of the evolution of the PbO2 and PbSO4 surface layers formed on a pure lead anode under simulated copper electrowinning conditions in a 1.6 M H2SO4 electrolyte at 318 K. This is the first report of a truly in situ S-XRD study of the surface layer evolution on a Pb substrate under cycles of galvanostatic and power interruption conditions, of key interest to the mining, solvent extraction and lead acid battery communities.

Low-Loss Optical Waveguides for the Near Ultra-Violet and Visible Spectral Regions with Al(2)O(3) Thin Films from Atomic Layer Deposition.

In this work, we report low-loss single-mode integrated optical waveguides in the near ultra-violet and visible spectral regions with aluminum oxide (Al(2)O(3)) films using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. Alumina films were deposited on glass and fused silica substrates by the ALD process at substrate/chamber temperatures of 200 °C and 300 °C. Transmission spectra and waveguide measurements were performed in our alumina films with thicknesses in the range of 210 - 380 nm for the optical characterization.

A flow cell for in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies of scale formation under Bayer processing conditions.

The design, construction, and commissioning of a stainless steel flow cell for in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies of scale formation under Bayer processing conditions is described. The use of the cell is demonstrated by a study of Al(OH)(3) scale formation on a mild steel substrate from synthetic Bayer liquor at 70 degrees C. The cell design allows for interchangeable parts and substrates and would be suitable for the study of scale formation in other industrial processes.