Physicians' and residents' educational needs regarding shared decision making: A focus group study.

Objectives: To explore the educational needs of physicians and residents regarding shared decision making (SDM).

Methods: We conducted eight focus groups with 12 general practitioners (GPs), 14 hospital specialists, 12 hospital specialist residents and 13 GP residents in Belgium. We used thematic analysis to guide data analysis.

REM sleep without atonia and nocturnal body position in prediagnostic Parkinson's disease.

Background: Sleep disturbances are features of Parkinson's disease (PD), that can already occur before PD diagnosis. The most investigated prodromal PD sleep disorder is REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). The relation between other polysomnographic (PSG) alterations and the prediagnostic stages of PD, however, is less clear.

REM sleep without atonia and the relation with Lewy body disease.

REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) is the polysomnographic finding of persistent muscle tone during REM sleep, resulting in paroxysmal phasic or tonic EMG activity. RSWA is essential for the diagnosis of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), but can also occur without dream-enacting behavior. Loss of atonia during REM sleep is considered as a biomarker for synucleinopathies.