Treatment Strategies in the Osteoporotic Spine.

This article reviews the appropriate assessment and management of osteoporotic compression fractures and discusses the implications of osteoporosis on initial patient evaluation, medical optimization for surgery, selection of instrumentation, and surgical technique. Adverse outcomes associated with osteoporosis are discussed. Failure to appropriately evaluate, optimize, and treat spine patients with osteoporotic bone can lead to disastrous complications.

Intraoperative Vertebral Artery Injury: Evaluation, Management, and Prevention.

Vertebral artery injury (VAI) is a serious and potentially life-threatening injury that is encountered with trauma to the cervical spine and less frequently during surgery. VAI can occur during either anterior or posterior cervical approaches or instrumentation and often involves anomalous courses of the artery. Although the incidence is rare, serious consequences including fistula formation, thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm development, cerebral ischemia, hemorrhage, and death may occur.

Technique for insertion of a Scheker prosthesis for failed Sauve-Kapandji with a well fixed ulnar stem: A case report.

Introduction: The Scheker prosthesis is a distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthroplasty used as a salvage option for many DRUJ pathologies.

Presentation Of Case: We report the case of a patient who underwent insertion of a Scheker prosthesis for continued pain and limited motion at the wrist in the setting of a failed Sauve-Kapandji with a well fixed ulnar stem and DRUJ pseudo-arthrosis.

Discussion: This report aims to provide a technique for ulnar stem removal without compromising the bone needed for the Scheker prosthesis and for describing the location of a DRUJ osteotomy without compromising radio-lunate stability.

A Pathway for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a prevalent condition with varied presentation. Most common in older populations, symptoms typically include back, buttock, and posterior thigh pain. Diagnosis is typically based on physical examination and clinical history, but confirmed on imaging studies.

Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Evaluation and Management.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is most commonly caused by cervical spondylosis, with a predominant elderly population, and is the most common cause of spinal cord impairment. Patients typically present with gait dysfunction, hand impairment, and/or the presence of long tract signs: clonus, Hoffman sign, Babinski sign, or inverted radial reflexes. One of the key surgical strategies is deciding an approach, which is based on patient characteristics and cause of pathologic condition.

Cisplatin exposure causes c-Myc-dependent resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The loss of p16 is a signature event in Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) that leads to increased Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4/6 (CDK) signaling. Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, is active for the treatment of a subset of HNSCC. In this study, we analyzed patient response data from a phase I clinical trial of palbociclib in HNSCC and observed an association between prior cisplatin exposure and CDK inhibitor resistance.

Influence of preoperative opioid use on postoperative outcomes and opioid use after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Background: Recent orthopedic research has questioned the effect of opioid use on surgical outcomes. This study investigated this in the context of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. We hypothesized that preoperative opioid use would be associated with inferior outcomes and greater postoperative opioid requirements.

Anti-Trop2 blockade enhances the therapeutic efficacy of ErbB3 inhibition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

ErbB3 has been widely implicated in treatment resistance, but its role as a primary treatment target is less clear. Canonically ErbB3 requires EGFR or ErbB2 for activation, whereas these two established treatment targets are thought to signal independently of ErbB3. In this study, we show that ErbB3 is essential for tumor growth of treatment-naive HNSCC patient-derived xenografts.

Arginine Deprivation Inhibits the Warburg Effect and Upregulates Glutamine Anaplerosis and Serine Biosynthesis in ASS1-Deficient Cancers.

Targeting defects in metabolism is an underutilized strategy for the treatment of cancer. Arginine auxotrophy resulting from the silencing of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) is a common metabolic alteration reported in a broad range of aggressive cancers. To assess the metabolic effects that arise from acute and chronic arginine starvation in ASS1-deficient cell lines, we performed metabolite profiling.