Spatial vision deficits in infants and children with Down syndrome.

Purpose: Infants and children with Down syndrome show reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity when tested with conventional behavioral techniques. These results may reflect sensory deficits of optical or neural origin or a loss of performance in mechanisms responsible for generating the behavioral response. The purpose of this study was to compare objective acuity and contrast sensitivity measurements recorded with visual-evoked potentials (VEPs), with behavioral clinical test results in a group of children with Down syndrome and a group of control subjects.

Development of refractive error and strabismus in children with Down syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate the development of refractive errors and strabismus in a cohort of children with Down syndrome.

Method: Data for 55 children with Down syndrome who are participating in this longitudinal study of visual development, first examined by us when aged less than 2 years and on at least two other occasions, were analyzed. Mohindra retinoscopy was used to measure refractive error.