Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Posterolateral Fusion Performance of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate with Submicron Needle-Shaped Surface Topography Combined with a Novel Polymer Binder.

A biphasic calcium phosphate with submicron needle-shaped surface topography combined with a novel polyethylene glycol/polylactic acid triblock copolymer binder (BCP-EP) was investigated in this study. This study aims to evaluate the composition, degradation mechanism and bioactivity of BCP-EP in vitro, and its in vivo performance as an autograft bone graft (ABG) extender in a rabbit Posterolateral Fusion (PLF) model. The characterization of BCP-EP and its in vitro degradation products showed that the binder hydrolyses rapidly into lactic acid, lactide oligomers and unaltered PEG (polyethylene glycol) without altering the BCP granules and their characteristic submicron needle-shaped surface topography.

Effect on Rheological Properties and 3D Printability of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Microporous Particles in Hydrocolloid-Based Hydrogels.

The production of patient-specific bone substitutes with an exact fit through 3D printing is emerging as an alternative to autologous bone grafting. To the success of tissue regeneration, the material characteristics such as porosity, stiffness, and surface topography have a strong influence on the cell-material interaction and require significant attention. Printing a soft hydrocolloid-based hydrogel reinforced with irregularly-shaped microporous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) particles (150-500 µm) is an alternative strategy for the acquisition of a complex network with good mechanical properties that could fulfill the needs of cell proliferation and regeneration.

Calcium phosphate cement reinforced with poly (vinyl alcohol) fibers: An experimental and numerical failure analysis.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used during the past decades as biocompatible bone substitution in maxillofacial, oral and orthopedic surgery. CPCs are injectable and are chemically resemblant to the mineral phase of native bone. Nevertheless, their low fracture toughness and high brittleness reduce their clinical applicability to weakly loaded bones.

Micro- and macromechanical characterization of the influence of surface-modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers on the reinforcement of calcium phosphate cements.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are frequently used as synthetic bone substitute materials due to their favorable osteocompatibility and handling properties. However, CPCs alone are inherently brittle and exhibit low strength and toughness, which restricts their clinical applicability to non-load bearing sites. Mechanical reinforcement of CPCs using fibers has proven to be an effective strategy to toughen these cements by transferring stress from the matrix to the fibers through frictional sliding at the interface.

The effect of lipoxin A4 on E. coli LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of lipoxin-type A4 (LXA4) on bacterial-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Material And Methods: Human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) in coculture with osteoclast precursors (RAW264.7 cells) were exposed to bacterial stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation.

Experimental and numerical analysis on bending and tensile failure behavior of calcium phosphate cements.

Since their discovery in the 1980s, injectable self-setting calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are frequently used in orthopedic, oral and maxillofacial surgery due to their chemical resemblance to the mineral phase of native bone. However, these cements are very brittle, which complicates their application in load-bearing anatomical sites. Polymeric fibers can be used to transform brittle calcium phosphate cements into ductile and load-bearing biomaterials.

Tough and Osteocompatible Calcium Phosphate Cements Reinforced with Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers.

Injectable, self-setting calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are favorable bone substitutes due to their osteocompatibility. However, due to their brittleness and low toughness, their clinical application is limited to non-load-bearing sites. The incorporation of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers into cementitious materials is a successful strategy in civil engineering for improving the mechanical performance of cements.

Sterilization effects on the handling and degradation properties of calcium phosphate cements containing poly ( -lactic-co-glycolic acid) porogens and carboxymethyl cellulose.

Injectable, self-setting calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are synthetic bone substitutes considered favorable for the repair and regeneration of bone due to their osteocompatibility and unique handling properties. However, their clinical applicability can be compromised due to insufficient cohesion upon injection into the body coupled with poor degradation rates that restricts new bone formation. Consequently, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was incorporated into CPC formulations to improve their cohesion and injectability while poly ( -lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) porogens were added to introduce macroporosity and improve their biodegradation rate.

Surface functionalization of polylactic acid fibers with alendronate groups does not improve the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate cements.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are frequently used as synthetic bone substitute, but their intrinsic low fracture toughness impedes their application in highly loaded skeletal sites. However, fibers can be used to reduce the brittleness of these CPCs provided that the affinity between the fibers and cement matrix facilitates the transfer of loads from the matrix to the fibers. The aim of the present work was to improve the interface between hydrophobic polylactic acid (PLA) microfibers and hydrophilic CPC.

Long-term evaluation of the degradation behavior of three apatite-forming calcium phosphate cements.

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are injectable bone substitutes with a long clinical history because of their biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Nevertheless, their cohesion upon injection into perfused bone defects as well as their long-term degradation behavior remain major clinical challenges. Therefore, the long-term degradation behavior of two types of α-tricalcium phosphate-based, apatite-forming CPCs was compared to a commercially available apatite-forming cement, that is HydroSet™ .

Fill volume as an indicator of surface heterogeneity in glass vials for parenteral packaging.

The chemical durability of glass vials for parenteral packaging is typically assessed by completely filling the vial with a medium of interest. This testing approach can mask the heterogeneous dissolution behavior of vials produced by conversion of glass tubing. In this study, the corrosion behavior of vials provided by four suppliers was evaluated as a function of fill volume.

Designing high-performance electrochemical energy-storage nanoarchitectures to balance rate and capacity.

The impressive specific capacitance and high-rate performance reported for many nanometric charge-storing films on planar substrates cannot impact a technology space beyond microdevices unless such performance translates into a macroscale form factor. In this report, we explore how the nanoscale-to-macroscale properties of the electrode architecture (pore size/distribution, void volume, thickness) define energy and power performance when scaled to technologically relevant dimensions. Our test bed is a device-ready electrode architecture in which scalable, manufacturable carbon nanofoam papers with tunable pore sizes (5-200 nm) and thickness (100-300 μm) are painted with ~10 nm coatings of manganese oxide (MnOx).