IN SITU MASS SPECTROMETERS FOR APPLICATIONS IN SPACE.

Mass spectrometry (MS) has played a remarkable role in exploring the chemical make-up of our solar system. In situ probes were historically developed to analyze inorganic/elemental compositions while leveraging native ions or harsh ionization methods to aid in exploring astrophysics applications (e.g.

Enabling Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry Separation of Fentanyl-Related Compounds Using Controlled Humidity.

Due to the widespread abuse of opioids in recent years, the development of quick and reliable methods for analyzing compounds such as fentanyl and its derivatives is increasingly important. Ahead of online mass spectrometric analysis, field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) has previously been used for rapid ion prefiltering and demonstrated significantly improved peak capacity with the addition of vapor modifiers to the carrier gas. The application of FAIMS-mass spectrometry (MS) in the analysis of fentanyl and related compounds is presented herein with the use of a water vapor modifier.

Lymph node dissection during nephroureterectomy: Establishing the existing evidence based on a review of the literature.

: To determine the role of lymph node dissection (LND) in the treatment of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma (UTTCC), as the role of LND along with nephroureterectomy in treating UTTCC is unclear and several retrospective studies have been published on this topic with conflicting results. : The Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), the Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database (CENTRAL), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, and individual urological journals, were searched for all studies investigating the role of LND in the treatment of UTTCC.

Distal Ureter Management During Nephroureterectomy: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Cumulative Analysis.

Introduction And Objectives: Standard of care in upper tract urothelial cancer is nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision (BCE). However, alternative techniques such as transurethral incision/resection have been used to simplify distal ureterectomy. The optimum strategy is unclear, and current guidelines do not specify a gold standard technique.

The role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic indicator in patients undergoing nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Prognosis in patients with cancer is influenced by underlying tumour biology and also the host inflammatory response to the disease. There is limited evidence to suggest that an elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts a poorer prognosis in patients undergoing nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this paper is to investigate if patients undergoing nephrectomy for RCC with NLR ≤4 have a better overall and recurrence-free survival than patients with NLR >4.

A Systematic Review of the Prognostic Role of Hematologic Scoring Systems in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Nephrectomy With Curative Intent.

The objective is to evaluate the prognostic benefit of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI) in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy with curative intent. Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched for all publications before April 2015. Duplicates were excluded, and inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to all abstracts; of those remaining, full articles were obtained and inclusion/exclusion criteria were again applied, and the remaining articles were included and critically appraised.

Inflammatory response related scoring systems in assessing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.

Background: Various scoring systems based on assessment of the systemic inflammatory response help assessing the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In the present systematic review we evaluated the validity of four pre-intervention scoring systems: Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and its modified version (mGPS), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and prognostic nutrition index (PNI).

Data Sources: MOOSE guidelines were followed and EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched for all published studies until September 2013 using comprehensive text word and MeSH terms.

The role of hepatectomy in the management of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.

Background: Gastric cancer has a high mortality, with many patients presenting with advanced disease. Many patients who undergo curative gastrectomy will subsequently develop metastatic disease. Hepatectomy has an established place in treating metastases from a variety of cancers but its role in gastric cancer is not clear.