Accuracy and safety of in-house surgeon-designed three-dimensional-printed patient-specific implants for wafer-less Le Fort I osteotomy.

Objectives: The design and fabrication of three-dimensional (3D)-printed patient-specific implants (PSIs) for orthognathic surgery are customarily outsourced to commercial companies. We propose a protocol of designing PSIs and surgical guides by orthognathic surgeons-in-charge instead for wafer-less Le Fort I osteotomy. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy and post-operative complications of PSIs that are designed in-house for Le Fort I osteotomy.