Long-Term Outcome of Horses Undergoing Unilateral Mandibular Condylectomy and Meniscectomy for Temporomandibular Joint Disease.

Background: There are no reports describing the long-term outcome of sport horses undergoing unilateral mandibular condylectomy with meniscectomy (UMC) for treatment for severe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease (TMD). Whether horses undergoing UMC require a specialized diet, can return to riding with a bit, or return to intended function after surgery is unknown.

Objective: To determine the long-term outcome of horses undergoing UMC for treatment of severe TMD.

The mutation impairs circadian locomotor activity.

We investigated effects of mutation ap on circadian locomotor activity, eclosion rhythms, and transcript levels of and in . We investigated circadian locomotor activity and eclosion rhythms in and wild-type flies, their F1 and F2 offspring, and wingless mutants and show that disrupts circadian locomotor rhythms in a genetically recessive manner, that is not caused by the absence of wings. The strain also showed impaired circadian activity rhythms, providing independent evidence for a significant role of in circadian locomotor rhythm expression.

Effect of bandaging techniques on sub-bandage pressures in the equine distal limb, carpus, and tarsus.

Objective: To determine the influence of 3 types of bandages on sub-bandage pressures over the distal limb, carpus, and tarsus.

Study Design: Observational study.

Animals: Eight healthy horses.