Single-lead electrocardiogram Artificial Intelligence model with risk factors detects atrial fibrillation during sinus rhythm.

Aims: Guidelines recommend opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation (AF), using a 30 s single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded by a wearable device. Since many patients have paroxysmal AF, identification of patients at high risk presenting with sinus rhythm (SR) may increase the yield of subsequent long-term cardiac monitoring. The aim is to evaluate an AI-algorithm trained on 10 s single-lead ECG with or without risk factors to predict AF.

Longitudinal Synaptic Density PET with C-UCB-J 6 Months After Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore longitudinal changes in synaptic density after ischemic stroke in vivo with synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: We recruited patients with an ischemic stroke to undergo C-UCB-J PET/MR within the first month and 6 months after the stroke. We investigated longitudinal changes of partial volume corrected C-UCB-J standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR; relative to centrum semiovale) within the ischemic lesion, peri-ischemic area and unaffected ipsilesional and contralesional grey matter.

In Vivo Detection of Neurofibrillary Tangles by F-MK-6240 PET/MR in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Objectives: The risk of developing Alzheimer disease is increased after stroke, and this association may not solely be driven by traditional vascular risk factors. Neuronal death leads to the release of tau proteins, which can become dephosphorylated, rephosphorylated, or hyperphosphorylated in the setting of ischemia, possibly leading to formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Therefore, a potential synergistic effect between development of tauopathy and cerebrovascular lesion burden may contribute to cognitive decline after stroke.

Long-term test-retest of cerebral [F]MK-6240 binding and longitudinal evaluation of extracerebral tracer uptake in healthy controls and amnestic MCI patients.

Purpose: Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in Alzheimer's disease can be accurately quantified in vivo using [F]MK-6240 PET. Short-term [F]MK-6240 test-retest (TRT) is about 6%, but also long-term stability of cerebral uptake is of importance for longitudinal studies. Furthermore, although there is very little cerebral off-target binding, [F]MK-6240 shows variable extracerebral uptake (ECU) assumed to represent off-target binding to leptomeningeal melanocytes.

The Effect of Aging on Brain Glucose Metabolic Connectivity Revealed by [F]FDG PET-MR and Individual Brain Networks.

Contrary to group-based brain connectivity analyses, the aim of this study was to construct individual brain metabolic networks to determine age-related effects on brain metabolic connectivity. Static 40-60 min [F]FDG positron emission tomography (PET) images of 67 healthy subjects between 20 and 82 years were acquired with an integrated PET-MR system. Network nodes were defined by brain parcellation using the Schaefer atlas, while connectivity strength between two nodes was determined by comparing the distribution of PET uptake values within each node using a Kullback-Leibler divergence similarity estimation (KLSE).

Impact of meningeal uptake and partial volume correction techniques on [F]MK-6240 binding in aMCI patients and healthy controls.

[F]MK-6240 is a second-generation tau PET-tracer to quantify neurofibrillary tangles in-vivo. However, individually variable levels of meningeal uptake induce spill-in-effects into the cortex, complicating [F]MK-6240 PET quantification. Group SUVR differences between age-matched HC subgroups with varying extracerebral uptake (EC-low/mixed/high), and between aMCI and each HC subgroup were assessed without and with partial volume correction (PVC).

Changes in synaptic density in the subacute phase after ischemic stroke: A C-UCB-J PET/MR study.

Functional alterations after ischemic stroke have been described with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and perfusion Positron Emission Tomography (PET), but no data on synaptic changes exist. Recently, imaging of synaptic density became available by targeting synaptic vesicle protein 2 A, a protein ubiquitously expressed in all presynaptic nerve terminals. We hypothesized that in subacute ischemic stroke loss of synaptic density can be evaluated with C-UCB-J PET in the ischemic tissue and that alterations in synaptic density can be present in brain regions beyond the ischemic core.

Prospective comparison of simultaneous [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MR versus PET/CT in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.

Objectives: PSMA-PET has become the PET technique of choice to localise the site of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). With hybrid PET/MRI, the advantages of MRI are added to molecular characteristic of PET. The aim of this study was to investigate the incremental value of PET/MR versus PET/CT in patients with biochemically recurrent PCa by head-to-head comparison.

Minimally invasive quantification of cerebral P2X7R occupancy using dynamic [F]JNJ-64413739 PET and MRA-driven image derived input function.

[F]JNJ-64413739 has been evaluated as PET-ligand for in vivo quantification of purinergic receptor subtype 7 receptor (P2X7R) using Logan graphical analysis with a metabolite-corrected arterial plasma input function. In the context of a P2X7R PET dose occupancy study, we evaluated a minimally invasive approach by limiting arterial sampling to baseline conditions. Meanwhile, post dose distribution volumes (V) under blocking conditions were estimated by combining baseline blood to plasma ratios and metabolite fractions with an MR angiography driven image derived input function (IDIF).

Use of Multimodal Imaging and Clinical Biomarkers in Presymptomatic Carriers of C9orf72 Repeat Expansion.

Importance: During a time with the potential for novel treatment strategies, early detection of disease manifestations at an individual level in presymptomatic carriers of a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene (preSxC9) is becoming increasingly relevant.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in glucose metabolism before symptom onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or frontotemporal dementia in preSxC9 using simultaneous fluorine 18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG positron emission tomographic (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging as well as the mutation's association with clinical and fluid biomarkers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective, case-control study enrolled 46 participants from November 30, 2015, until December 11, 2018.

Validation of Parametric Methods for [C]UCB-J PET Imaging Using Subcortical White Matter as Reference Tissue.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate different non-invasive methods for generating (R)-1-((3-([C]methyl)pyridin-4-yl)methyl)-4-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-2-one) ([C]UCB-J) parametric maps using white matter (centrum semi-ovale-SO) as reference tissue.

Procedures: Ten healthy volunteers (8 M/2F; age 27.6 ± 10.

Quantifying SV2A density and drug occupancy in the human brain using [C]UCB-J PET imaging and subcortical white matter as reference tissue.

Purpose: A [C]UCB-J blocking study was performed in healthy volunteers to validate simplified, non-invasive measures for quantifying presynaptic SV2A expression using subcortical white matter as reference tissue.

Methods: Ninety minutes dynamic [C]UCB-J PET scanning with arterial blood sampling was performed in 10 healthy volunteers (8 M/2F; age 27.6 ± 10.