Nitric oxide contributes to liver inflammation and parasitic burden control in Ascaris suum infection.

Background: Human ascariasis is one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases worldwide. The immune response during human ascariasis is characterized by Th2 polarization and a mixed Th2/Th17 response during the pathogenesis of experimental larval ascariasis. Cytokines and other pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), are involved in helminthic infections.

Genetic Background Affects the Mucosal Secretory IgA Levels, Parasite Burden, Lung Inflammation, and Mouse Susceptibility to Infection.

Ascariasis is a neglected tropical disease that is widespread in the world and has important socioeconomic impacts. The presence of various stages of worm development in the pulmonary and intestinal mucosae induces a humoral and cellular immune response. However, although there is much evidence of the protective role of mucosal immunity against various pathogens, including helminths, there is still a gap in the knowledge about the immune response and the mechanisms of action that are involved in protection against diseases, especially in the initial phase of ascariasis.

Eosinophils mediate SIgA production triggered by TLR2 and TLR4 to control Ascaris suum infection in mice.

Human ascariasis is the most prevalent but neglected tropical disease in the world, affecting approximately 450 million people. The initial phase of Ascaris infection is marked by larval migration from the host's organs, causing mechanical injuries followed by an intense local inflammatory response, which is characterized mainly by neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration, especially in the lungs. During the pulmonary phase, the lesions induced by larval migration and excessive immune responses contribute to tissue remodeling marked by fibrosis and lung dysfunction.

Time-course of changes in performance, biomechanical, physiological and perceptual responses following resistance training sessions.

This study determined the time-course of recovery after resistance training (RT) sessions and the association between changes in performance with changes in biomechanical, physiological and perceptual parameters. After a 4-week familiarization period, 14 resistance-trained males performed 3 experimental conditions, each one including 2 sessions with a recovery interval of 24, 48 h or 72 h, in a randomized order. RT sessions consisted of 5 sets of 8-10RM on squat and leg press exercises.

Multiple Exposures to Ascaris suum Induce Tissue Injury and Mixed Th2/Th17 Immune Response in Mice.

Ascaris spp. infection affects 800 million people worldwide, and half of the world population is currently at risk of infection. Recurrent reinfection in humans is mostly due to the simplicity of the parasite life cycle, but the impact of multiple exposures to the biology of the infection and the consequences to the host's homeostasis are poorly understood.

Application of bioinformatics in chronobiology research.

Bioinformatics and other well-established sciences, such as molecular biology, genetics, and biochemistry, provide a scientific approach for the analysis of data generated through "omics" projects that may be used in studies of chronobiology. The results of studies that apply these techniques demonstrate how they significantly aided the understanding of chronobiology. However, bioinformatics tools alone cannot eliminate the need for an understanding of the field of research or the data to be considered, nor can such tools replace analysts and researchers.

Metabolic changes during a field experiment in a world-class windsurfing athlete: a trial with multivariate analyses.

Physical exercise affects hematological equilibrium and metabolism. This study evaluated the biochemical and hematological responses of a male world-class athlete in sailing who is ranked among the top athletes on the official ISAF ranking list of windsurfing, class RS:X. The results describe the metabolic adaptations of this athlete in response to exercise in two training situations: the first when the athlete was using the usual training and dietary protocol, and the second following training and nutritional interventions based on a careful analysis of his diet and metabolic changes measured in a simulated competition.

The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on metabolic control, inflammatory markers, adipocytokines, and muscle insulin signaling in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 3 different modalities of exercise on metabolic control, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, adipocytokines, and tissue expression of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 after 12 weeks of training among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Forty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to 4 groups of training (3 times a week, 60 minutes per session): aerobic group (n = 12), resistance group (n = 12), combined (aerobic and resistance) group (n = 12), and control group (n = 12). Fasting and postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, insulin resistance index (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), adipocytokines (adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin), tumor necrosis factor, interleukin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured at baseline and at the end of the study.