Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome - A Rare Entity in the Pediatric Population.

Objective: To study and correlate the clinicopathological findings of Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome (SRUS) in 10 pediatric patients.

Material And Methods: This study is a retrospective study of patients from January 2017 to June 2024. The clinical records were reviewed for details of the clinical presentation, colonoscopic findings, associated local and systemic diseases, and other investigations.

Machine learning-based identification of proteomic markers in colorectal cancer using UK Biobank data.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. Incidence and mortality are predicted to rise globally during the next several decades. When detected early, colorectal cancer is treatable with surgery and medications.

Factors influencing minimum acceptable diet (MAD) intake among children aged 6-23 months in remote mid-Himalayan region of Sudurpaschim, Nepal.

Background: Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) intake is crucial for optimizing the growth and development of children aged 6 to 23 months. However, little is known about the factors influencing MAD intake among children of Sudurpaschim. This study, therefore, aims to assess the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet intake and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Sudurpaschim Province of Nepal.

Screening for Alcohol Use Disorder Among Hospitalised Patients: Learning from a Retrospective Cohort Study in Secondary Care.

Excessive alcohol consumption is among the leading causes of hospitalisation in high-income countries and contributes to over 200 medical conditions. We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of alcohol use disorder (AUD), describe the distribution of AUD in ICD-10 discharge diagnosis groups and ascertain any relationship between them in secondary care. The study group was a retrospective cohort of adult patients admitted to Nottingham University Hospital (NUH) between 4 April 2009 and 31 March 2020.

Maleation of Biodegradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyvalerate) by Reactive Extrusion: Effect of Initiator Concentration and a Chain Extender on Grafting Percentage and Thermal and Rheological Properties.

Recently, there has been immense interest in using biodegradable polymers to replace petro-derived polymers. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), which is gaining popularity due to its biodegradability, is used in developing blends and composites for a variety of applications. To enhance the miscibility between different components of a material with PHBV, functionalization of the PHBV chain can be done.

Impact of foliar application of phyllosphere yeast strains combined with soil fertilizer application on rice growth and yield.

Background: The application of beneficial microbes in agriculture is gaining increasing attention as a means to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers. This approach can potentially mitigate negative impacts on soil, animal, and human health, as well as decrease climate-changing factors. Among these microbes, yeast has been the least explored, particularly within the phyllosphere compartment.

Exploring the multifaceted functions of APPL in metabolism and memory using Drosophila melanogaster.

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a single-pass transmembrane protein abundantly expressed in the central nervous system and implicated in familial Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs memory. Here, we investigated the role of amyloid precursor protein-like (APPL) using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, Appl null mutants exhibited a reduced lifespan under normal conditions and increased triglyceride levels, which were mitigated by metformin treatment.

To quest new targets of parasite and their potential inhibitors to combat antimalarial drug resistance.

Malaria remains a global health challenge with significant mortality and morbidity annually, with resistant parasite strains complicating treatment efforts. There is an acute need for novel antimalarial drugs that can put a stop to the future public health crisis caused by the multi-drug resistance strains of the parasite However, the discovery of these new components is very challenging in the context of the generation of multi-drug resistance properties of malaria. The novel drugs also need to have several properties involving enhanced therapeutic prospects, successful treatment capabilities, and novel mechanisms of action that will forestall the resistance.

A Review on in-vivo and in-vitro Models of Obesity and Obesity-Associated Co-Morbidities.

Background: Obesity is becoming a global pandemic with pandemic proportions. According to the WHO estimates, there were over 1.9 billion overweight individuals and over 650 million obese adults in the globe in 2016.

Maneuvering the mineralization of self-assembled peptide nanofibers for designing mechanically-stiffened self-healable composites toward bone-mimetic ECM.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) elasticity remains a crucial parameter to determine cell-material interactions ( adhesion, growth, and differentiation), cellular communication, and migration that are essential to tissue repair and regeneration. Supramolecular peptide hydrogels with their 3-dimensional porous network and tuneable mechanical properties have emerged as an excellent class of ECM-mimetic biomaterials with relevant dynamic attributes and bioactivity. Here, we demonstrate the design of minimalist amyloid-inspired peptide amphiphiles, CnPA ( = 6, 8, 10, 12) with tuneable peptide nanostructures that are efficiently biomineralized and cross-linked using bioactive silicates.

A hydrogel based on Fe(II)-GMP demonstrates tunable emission, self-healing mechanical strength and Fenton chemistry-mediated notable antibacterial properties.

Supramolecular hydrogels serve as an excellent platform to enable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation while maintaining controlled localized conditions, thereby mitigating cytotoxicity. Herein, we demonstrate hydrogel formation using guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) with tetra(4-carboxylphenyl) ethylene (1) to exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and tunable mechanical strength in the presence of divalent metal ions such as Ca, Mg, and Fe. The addition of divalent metal ions leads to structural transformation in the metallogels (M-1GMP).

Stimuli-Responsive Control over Self-Assembled Nanostructures in Sequence-Specific Functional Block Copolymers.

The precise sequence of a protein's primary structure is essential in determining its folding pathways. To emulate the complexity of these biomolecules, functional block copolymers consisting of segmented triblocks with distinct functionalities positioned in a sequence-specific manner are designed to control the polymer chain compaction. Triblock polymers and and random diblock copolymer consist of a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) block and a hydrophobic block with coumarin () and ferrocene () moieties that are grafted in a sequence-specific or random manner onto the hydrophilic block.

Index for refining soil health assessment through multivariate approach under diverse agro-climatic zones in the Indo-Gangetic basin of Bihar.

A fundamental necessity in advancing sustainable crop production lies in the establishment of a reliable technique for assessing soil health. Soil health assessment is a challenge considering multiple interactions among dynamic indicators within various management strategies and agroecological contexts. Hence a study was conducted to determine the soil health variables, quantify the soil health index (SHI), and validate them with the productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.

Solid lipid nanoparticle: A potent vehicle of the kaempferol for brain delivery through the blood-brain barrier in the focal cerebral ischemic rat.

Kaempferol is major flavonoid present in Convolvulus pluricaulis. This phytochemical protects the brain against oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration and cerebral ischemia induced neuronal destruction. Kaempferol is poorly water soluble.

Synergistic effect of chrysin and kaempferol in ameliorating Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion injury in rat by controlling expression of proinflammatory mediators NF-κB and STAT3.

Objectives: The two flavonoids kaempferol and chrysin are known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In addition, these two flavonoids were reported to display synergistic effects against inflammation. The present study aims to provide an analysis of the combined effects of kaempferol and chrysin on ischemic rat brain induced by endothelin-1.

Network dynamics and therapeutic aspects of mRNA and protein markers with the recurrence sites of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease that typically manifests late patient presentation and poor outcomes. Furthermore, PDAC recurrence is a common challenge. Distinct patterns of PDAC recurrence have been associated with differential activation of immune pathway-related genes and specific inflammatory responses in their tumour microenvironment.

Harnessing potential of avian eggshell membrane derived collagen hydrolysate for bone tissue regeneration.

Background: Natural bone grafts are the highly preferred materials for restoring the lost bone, while being constrained of donor availability and risk of disease transmission. As a result, tissue engineering is emerging as an efficacious and competitive technique for bone repair. Bone tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds to support bone regeneration and devoid of aforesaid limitations are being vastly explored and among these the avian eggshell membrane has drawn attention for TE owing to its low immunogenicity, similarity with the extracellular matrix, and easy availability.

A single pair of pharyngeal neurons functions as a commander to reject high salt in .

Salt (NaCl), is an essential nutrient for survival, while excessive salt can be detrimental. In the fruit fly, , internal taste organs in the pharynx are critical gatekeepers impacting the decision to accept or reject a food. Currently, our understanding of the mechanism through which pharyngeal gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) sense high salt are rudimentary.

Green synthesis of nanocellulose supported cu-bionanocomposites and their profound applicability in the synthesis of amide derivatives and controlling of food-borne pathogens.

Copper bionanocomposites (CBNCS) were synthesized using Ipomoea carnea- sourced nanocellulose as support via an eco-friendly and cost-effective method. X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) pattern of CBNCS confirmed the octahedral structure of CuO, the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of Cu(0). XRD also revealed the crystal lattice of cellulose II.

Adult Children's Migration and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Nepali Adults.

Traditionally, adult children have served as primary caretakers and providers for older Nepali adults. However, out-migration of adult children for employment and other opportunities is increasing. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older Nepali adults in general and in the context of adult children's migration is poorly understood.

Thermo-Chemical Cues-Mediated Strategy to Control Peptide Self-Assembly and Charge Transfer Complexation.

Peptide amphiphiles (PAs) are known for their remarkable ability to undergo molecular self-assembly, a process that is highly responsive to the local microenvironment. Herein, we design a pyrene tethered peptide amphiphile Py-VFFAKK, that exhibits pathway-driven self-assembly from metastable nanoparticles to kinetically controlled nanofibers and thermodynamically stable twisted bundles upon modulations in pH, temperature, and chemical cues. The presence of the pyrene moiety ensures donation of the electron to an electron acceptor, namely, 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (), to form a supramolecular charge transfer complex in aqueous solution that was studied in detail with microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.

Thermoresponsive Injectable Hydrogel To Mimic the Heat- and Strain-Stiffening Behavior of Biopolymers toward Muscle Cell Proliferation.

Injectable hydrogels with nonlinear mechanical attributes to emulate natural biopolymers hold paramount significance in tissue engineering, offering the potential to create scaffolds that seamlessly mimic the biomechanical intricacies of living tissues. Herein, we unveil a synthetic design strategy employing Schiff base chemistry to furnish a peptide-polymer hierarchical contractile injectable hydrogel network. This innovative design demonstrates cross-linking of supramolecular peptide nanostructures such as nanofibers, , and twisted bundles, , with a thermosensitive aldehyde-functionalized polymer, .

A single pair of pharyngeal neurons functions as a commander to reject high salt in .

Salt is an essential nutrient for survival, while excessive NaCl can be detrimental. In the fruit fly, , internal taste organs in the pharynx are critical gatekeepers impacting the decision to accept or reject a food. Currently, our understanding of the mechanism through which pharyngeal gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) sense high salt are rudimentary.

Outcomes of the Kawashima: A Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database Analysis.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of age at operation on postoperative outcomes in children undergoing a Kawashima operation.

Methods: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database was queried for Kawashima procedures from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2020. Patients were stratified by age at operation in months: 0 to <4, 4 to <8, 8 to <12, and >12.