Morbidity among resettled refugees at arrival in Ontario, Canada (1994-2017): a controlled interrupted time series study examining the effect of the Immigration Refugee Protection Act, 2002.

Background: Immigration inadmissibility on medical grounds is common among high-income countries. In Canada, the Immigrant and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) became law in 2002. With humanitarian protection as a priority, IRPA removed medical inadmissibility based on exceeding a cost threshold for the projected use of health and social services for resettled refugees.

Respiratory hospitalizations and ICU admissions among children with and without medical complexity at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Decreased severe respiratory illness was observed during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a relatively smaller decrease among children with medical complexity (CMC) compared to non-CMC. We extended this analysis to the third pandemic year (April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023) when pandemic public health measures were loosened. A population-based repeated cross-sectional study evaluated respiratory hospitalizations among CMC and non-CMC (<18 years) in Ontario, Canada.

Virtual Versus In-Person Follow-up After a Psychiatric Emergency Visit: A Population-Based Cohort Study: Suivi virtuel opposé à en personne après une visite à l'urgence psychiatrique : une étude de cohorte dans la population.

Objective: With increased utilization of virtual care in mental health, examining its appropriateness in various clinical scenarios is warranted. This study aimed to compare the risk of adverse psychiatric outcomes following virtual versus in-person mental health follow-up care after a psychiatric emergency department (ED) visit.

Methods: Using population-based health administrative data in Ontario (2021), we identified 28,232 adults discharged from a psychiatric ED visit who had a follow-up mental health visit within 14 days postdischarge.

Language ability and virtual mental healthcare utilisation among immigrant and refugee youth: a population-based cohort study.

Background And Objectives: The widespread adoption of virtual care during the pandemic may not have been uniform across populations, including among paediatric immigrants and refugees. We sought to examine the association between virtual mental healthcare utilisation and immigration factors.

Methods: This population-based cohort study of immigrants and refugees (3-17 years) used linked health administrative databases in Ontario, Canada (March 2020 to December 2021).

Newborn readmissions and virtual primary care delivery: a population-based case-control study.

Background: Early post-discharge assessments for newborns are recommended. Virtual care has become more prevalent during the pandemic, providing an opportunity to better understand its impact on the quality of post-discharge newborn care. The objective of this study was to understand whether primary care visit modality (in-person vs.

COVID-19 hospitalization, mortality and pre-mature mortality by a history of immigration in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Immigrants in high-income countries experienced inequities in COVID-19 severe outcomes. We examined hospitalization and death throughout the pandemic, and change during the vaccine era, in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a population-based study using linked immigration and health data, following two cohorts for 20 months from January 1, 2020 (pre-vaccine) and September 1, 2021 (vaccine era).

Mental Illness in the 2 Years Prior to Pregnancy in a Population With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study: La maladie mentale dans les deux ans précédant une grossesse dans une population souffrant de lésion cérébrale traumatique : une étude transversale.

Objective: Existing studies, in mostly male samples such as veterans and athletes, show a strong association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and mental illness. Yet, while an understanding of mental health before pregnancy is critical for informing preconception and perinatal supports, there are no data on the prevalence of active mental illness before pregnancy in females with TBI. We examined the prevalence of active mental illness ≤2 years before pregnancy (1) in a population with TBI, and (2) in subgroups defined by sociodemographic, health, and injury-related characteristics, all compared to those without TBI.

SARS-CoV-2 infection among physicians over time in Ontario, Canada: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Aim: To assess this risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among Ontario physicians by specialty and in comparison with non-physician controls during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the primary outcome was incident SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Secondary outcomes were hospitalization, use of critical care, and mortality.

Cannabis-involvement in emergency department visits for self-harm following medical and non-medical cannabis legalization.

Aims: Cannabis use may increase the risk of self-harm, but whether legalization of cannabis is associated with changes in self-harm is unknown. We examined changes in cannabis-involvement in emergency department (ED) visits for self-harm after the liberalization of medical and legalization of non-medical cannabis in Canada.

Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study used health administrative data to identify all ED visits for self-harm in individuals aged ten and older between January 2010 and December 2021.

Acute health care use among children during the first 2.5 years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study.

Background: The effects of the decline in health care use at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health of children are unclear. We sought to estimate changes in rates of severe and potentially preventable health outcomes among children during the pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study of children aged 0-17 years using linked population health administrative and disease registry data from January 2017 through August 2022 in Ontario, Canada.

Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With Eating Disorders in Ontario, Canada, Over Time.

Importance: Understanding the evolving characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized for eating disorders is important to ensure that services and treatments align with patient needs.

Objective: To examine temporal trends in the rates of hospitalizations for pediatric eating disorders by clinical and demographic characteristics in Ontario, Canada, over a 17-year period.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, repeated, cross-sectional study used linked health administrative and demographic databases in Ontario, Canada, to identify individuals aged 5 to 17 years hospitalized with eating disorder diagnoses from April 1, 2002, to March 31, 2020.

New and continuing physician-based outpatient mental health care among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study.

Objective: To assess physician-based mental health care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic among children and adolescents new to care and those already engaged with mental health services, and to evaluate differences by sociodemographic factors.

Study Design: We performed a population-based repeated cross-sectional study using linked health and administrative databases in Ontario, Canada among all children and adolescents 3-17 years. We examined outpatient visit rates per 1,000 population for mental health concerns for those new to care (no physician-based mental healthcare for ≥1 year) and those with continuing care needs (any physician-based mental healthcare <1 year) following onset of the pandemic.

Severe Respiratory Disease Among Children With and Without Medical Complexity During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Severe respiratory disease declined during the COVID-19 pandemic, partially due to decreased circulation of respiratory pathogens. However, the outcomes of children with higher risk have not been described using population-based data.

Objective: To compare respiratory-related hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and mortality during the pandemic vs prepandemic, among children with medical complexity (CMC) and without medical complexity (non-CMC).

Acute presentations of eating disorders among adolescents and adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Increased rates of pediatric eating disorders have been observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, but little is known about trends among adults. We aimed to evaluate rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for eating disorders among adolescents and adults during the pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using linked health administrative data for Ontario residents aged 10-105 years during the prepandemic (Jan.

Self-harm among youth during the first 28 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study.

Background: Youth have reported worsening mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to evaluate rates of pediatric acute care visits for self-harm during the pandemic according to age, sex and mental health service use.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using linked health administrative data sets to measure monthly rates of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for self-harm among youth aged 10-17 years between Jan.

Mental Illness Following Physical Assault Among Children.

Importance: Physical assault during childhood is common and can lead to lasting mental health problems. Yet, there are few studies on the patterns of mental illness (ie, timing of onset, type, and acuity) in survivors of physical assault.

Objective: To determine the risk of incident health record diagnoses of mental illness among children who experienced assault compared with children who did not.

Primary health care utilization in the first year after arrival by refugee sponsorship model in Ontario, Canada: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Canada's approach to refugee resettlement includes government sponsorship, a pioneering private sponsorship model and a third blended approach. Refugees are selected and supported differently in each approach including healthcare navigation. Little is known about how well private sponsors facilitate primary care navigation and whether this changed during the large-scale 2015 Syrian resettlement initiative characterized by civic and healthcare systems engagement.

Association between physician characteristics and practice-level uptake of paediatric virtual mental healthcare: a population-based study.

Objective: To examine physician factors associated with practice-level uptake of virtual mental healthcare for children and adolescents.

Design, Setting And Participants: A population-based data linkage study of a cohort of all physicians (n=12 054) providing outpatient mental healthcare to children and adolescents (aged 3-17 years, n=303 185) in a single-payer provincial health system in Ontario, Canada from 1 July 2020 to 31 July 2021.

Exposures: Physician characteristics including gender, age, specialty, location of training, practice region, practice size and overall and mental health practice size.

Gaps in childhood immunizations and preventive care visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based cohort study of children in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada, 2016-2021.

Objective: We aimed to estimate the changes to the delivery of routine immunizations and well-child visits through the pandemic.

Methods: Using linked administrative health data in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada (1 September 2016 to 30 September 2021), infants <12 months old (N=291,917 Ontario, N=33,994 Manitoba) and children between 12 and 24 months old (N=293,523 Ontario, N=33,001 Manitoba) exposed and unexposed to the COVID-19 pandemic were compared on rates of receipt of recommended a) vaccinations and b) well-child visits after adjusting for sociodemographic measures. In Ontario, vaccinations were captured using physician billings database, and in Manitoba they were captured in a centralized vaccination registry.

Population-Based Repeated Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalizations for Comorbid Physical and Psychiatric Disorders in Young Adults in Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: To measure trends in the rates and costs of hospitalizations over a 15-year period among young adults with physical and/or psychiatric disorders.

Methods: This population-based, repeated cross-sectional study identified all 18- to 26- year-olds hospitalized in Ontario, Canada from April 1, 2003 and March 31, 2018 (fiscal years 2003-2017). Using discharge diagnoses, we assigned hospitalizations to one of four categories: 1) psychiatric disorder only; 2) primary psychiatric disorder with comorbid physical illness; 3) primary physical with comorbid psychiatric disorder; and 4) physical illness only.

Risk of interpersonal violence during and after pregnancy among people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence. Little is known about risk specifically around the time of pregnancy.

Methods: This population-based cohort study included all individuals (aged 15-49 yr) listed as female on their health cards who had a singleton birth in Ontario, Canada, between 2004 and 2018.