Risk Factors for Radiotherapy Failure in the Treatment of Spinal Metastases.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To build a predictive model for risk factors for failure of radiation therapy, hypothesizing a higher SINS would correlate with failure.

Methods: Patients with spinal metastasis being treated with radiation at a tertiary care academic center between September 2014 and October 2018 were identified.

Patient preferences for physical therapy programs after a lower extremity fracture: a discrete choice experiment.

Objective: To quantify patients' preferences for physical therapy programmes after a lower extremity fracture and determine patient factors associated with preference variation.

Design: Discrete choice experiment.

Setting: Level I trauma centre.

Work Productivity Loss After Minimally Displaced Complete Lateral Compression Pelvis Fractures.

Objective: To quantify work impairment and economic losses due to lost employment, lost work time (absenteeism), and lost productivity while working (presenteeism) after a lateral compression pelvic ring fracture. Secondarily, productivity loss of patients treated with surgical fixation versus nonoperative management was compared.

Design: Secondary analysis of a prospective, multicenter trial.

Radiographic bladder shift is a harbinger of intraoperative blood loss in acetabular surgical fixation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between a novel radiographic measurement on initial AP pelvis radiograph (termed "bladder shift," BS) to intraoperative blood loss (IBL) during acetabular surgical fixation.

Methods: All adult patients receiving unilateral acetabular fixation (Level 1 academic trauma; 2008-18) were reviewed. AP pelvis radiographs were reviewed for visible bladder outlines and then measured to determine the percentage deformation toward the midline.

Acetabular fracture pattern is altered by pre-injury sacroiliac joint autofusion.

Purpose: Acetabular fracture shape is determined by the direction of force applied. We perceive an anecdotally observed connection between pre-existing autofused sacroiliac joints (aSIJ) and high anterior column (HAC) injuries. The purpose of this study was to compare variations in acetabular fracture patterns sustained in patients with and without pre-injury sacroiliac (SI) joint autofusion.

Role of single-dose intravenous iron therapy for the treatment of anaemia after orthopaedic trauma: protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Orthopaedic trauma and fracture care commonly cause perioperative anaemia and associated functional iron deficiency due to a systemic inflammatory state. Modern, strict transfusion thresholds leave many patients anaemic; managing this perioperative anaemia is an opportunity to impact outcomes in orthopaedic trauma surgery. The primary outcome of this pilot study is feasibility for a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate intravenous iron therapy (IVIT) to improve patient well-being following orthopaedic injury.

Distribution of Bacterial Species and Resistance Patterns in Surgical Site Infection after Prior Administration of Vancomycin and Tobramycin Intrawound Powdered Antibiotic Prophylaxis.

Objective: Evaluate the species distribution and resistance patterns of bacterial pathogens causing surgical site infection (SSI) after operative fracture repair, with and without the use of intrawound powdered antibiotic (IPA) prophylaxis during the index surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic, level 1 trauma center, 2018-2020.

The Use of Vancomycin Powder in Tibial Plateau Fractures at Lower Risk of Infection.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of vancomycin powder in preventing infection after plate and screw fixation of tibial plateau fractures considered at low risk of infection.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single, Level I trauma center.

Does iliosacral screw removal reduce postoperative pain in unstable pelvic fracture patients? A matched prospective cohort study.

Background: To compare pain and function in patients with unstable posterior pelvic fractures stabilized with posterior fixation who undergo iliosacral screw removal versus those who retain their iliosacral screws.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study identified 59 patients who reported pain at least 4 months after iliosacral screw fixation of an unstable posterior pelvic ring fracture from 2015-2019. The primary intervention was iliosacral screw removal versus a matched iliosacral screw retention control group.

Methods of Quantifying Intraoperative Blood Loss in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To collect and present the recently published methods of quantifying blood loss (BL) in orthopaedic trauma.

Data Sources: A systematic review of English-language literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines on articles describing the methods of determining BL in orthopaedic trauma published since 2010.

Study Selection: English, full-text, peer-reviewed articles documenting intraoperative BL in an adult patient population undergoing orthopaedic trauma surgery were eligible for inclusion.

Methamphetamines and Acetabular Reoperation Rates: Poor Outcomes From the Front Lines.

Objectives: To compare acetabular fracture reoperation rates within 1 year of surgery in methamphetamine ("meth") abusers and abstainers.

Design: Retrospective database analysis.

Setting: Level 1 academic trauma facility, 2008-2018.

Patterns of variation and covariation in the shapes of mandibular bones of juvenile salmonids in the genus Oncorhynchus.

What is the nature of evolutionary divergence of the jaw skeleton within the genus Oncorhynchus? How can two associated bones evolve new shapes and still maintain functional integration? Here, we introduce and test a "concordance" hypothesis, in which an extraordinary matching of the evolutionary shape changes of the dentary and angular articular serves to preserve their fitting together. To test this hypothesis, we examined morphologies of the dentary and angular articular at parr (juvenile) stage, and at three levels of biological organization—between salmon and trout, between sister species within both salmon and trout, and among three types differing in life histories within one species, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The comparisons show bone shape divergences among the groups at each level; morphological divergence between salmon and trout is marked even at this relatively early life history stage.