European guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: UEG, EPC, EDS, ESPEN, ESPGHAN, ESDO, and ESPCG evidence-based recommendations.

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is defined as a reduction in pancreatic exocrine secretion below the level that allows the normal digestion of nutrients. Pancreatic disease and surgery are the main causes of PEI. However, other conditions and upper gastrointestinal surgery can also affect the digestive function of the pancreas.

GASTRIC AND DUODENAL AMYLOIDOSIS IN AN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT: A CASE REPORT AND A LITERATURE REVIEW.

We report the case of a 38-year-old female with gastrointestinal amyloidosis who presented with acute abdominal pain. The computed tomography scan showed that the patient had generalized lymphadenopathy. This clinical picture with absolute leukocytosis was interpreted as an acute secondary bacterial process of unspecified etiology with generalized lymphadenopathy.

Differences in In Vitro Properties of Pancreatin Preparations for Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency as Marketed in Russia and CIS.

Background: Pancreatic enzyme-replacement therapy (PERT), provided as pancreatin to patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), is considered an essential substitute for the pivotal physiological function the pancreas fulfills in digestion. PEI involves a reduction in the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes (lipase, protease, amylase), which leads to an inadequate enzymatic response to a meal and consequently to maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients. The efficacy of PERT is strongly dependent on enzyme activity, dissolution, and pancreatin particle size.

Contribution of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to survival and quality of life in patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.

The objective of this study was to analyze the current evidence for the use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) in affecting survival and quality of life in patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI). Systematic searches of the literature were performed using the PubMed database. Articles were selected for inclusion if they reported findings from trials assessing the effects of PERT on quality of life, survival, malabsorption, growth parameters (such as height, body weight and body mass index), or gastrointestinal symptoms (such as abdominal pain, stool consistency and flatulence).

Clinical observation of macroamylasemia in splenosis due to the posttraumatic splenectomy.

Context: Article analyzes current data on macroamylasemia and splenosis, their etiology and diagnostics in particular.

Case Report: Authors presented their own clinical observation of a young woman who was diagnosed to have macroamylasemia on the background of splenosis due to the splenectomy after blunt abdominal injury.

Conclusion: This is the first time such a combination of macroamylasemia on the background of splenosis has been described in the literature.

Elevated serum amylase in patients with chronic pancreatitis: acute attack or macroamylasemia?

Background And Aim: Asymptomatic patients with chronic pancreatitis not infrequently have elevated concentrations of amylase, even though detailed examination reveals no indication of an acute exacerbation.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-six consecutive patients with chronic pancreatitis were examined clinically and, if indicated, by ultrasonography and computed tomography. In addition, all patients underwent determination of serum amylase and serum lipase as well as amylase/creatinine clearance, followed as required by a polyethylene glycol test and/or chromatography to demonstrate macroamylase.

Morphological and functional alterations of small intestine in chronic pancreatitis.

Context: The small intestine in chronic pancreatitis has not been investigated yet thoroughly. It would be important to understand fat metabolism in the course of this disease and could be explained if the small intestine has some pathological conditions and, due to this reason, pancreatic enzyme substitution does not work in all patients.

Objective: To investigate the pathophysiology of small intestine in chronic pancreatitis and to show the reason why in some cases pancreatic enzyme substitution does not work properly.

Pancrelipase delayed-release capsules (CREON) for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency due to chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic surgery: A double-blind randomized trial.

Objectives: Pancreatic-enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) is the standard of care to prevent maldigestion, malnutrition, and excessive weight loss in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) due to chronic pancreatitis (CP) or pancreatic surgery (PS). Our objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of a new formulation of pancrelipase (pancreatin) delayed-release 12,000-lipase unit capsules (CREON) in patients with EPI due to CP or PS.

Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, multicountry, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial enrolling patients ≥18 years old with confirmed EPI due to CP or PS conducted in clinical research centers or hospitals.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a clinical case.

The basic hypotheses of pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are discussed, i.e. genetically conditioned pathology, autoimmune pathology, the result of inflammatory reaction in bile ducts, and cholangiopathy.

Effect of once- or twice-daily MMX mesalamine (SPD476) for the induction of remission of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis.

Background & Aims: SPD476 (MMX mesalamine), a novel, once-daily mesalamine formulation, uses MMX Multi Matrix System (MMX) technology to delay and extend delivery of active drug throughout the colon. We performed a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase III study in patients with mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis.

Methods: Two hundred eighty patients with mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis received MMX mesalamine 2.