Copper-Containing Bionanocomposites Based on Natural Raw Arabinogalactan as Effective Vegetation Stimulators and Agents against Phytopathogens.

Novel copper-containing bionanocomposites based on the natural raw arabinogalactan have been obtained as universal effective agents against phytopathogen and development stimulants of agricultural plants. Thus, the use of such nanosystems offers a solution to the tasks set in biotechnology while maintaining high environmental standards using non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable natural biopolymers. The physicochemical characteristics of nanocomposites were determined using a number of analytical methods (elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic parameters of electron paramagnetic resonance, UV-visible, etc.

Rapid, room-temperature self-organization of polyarylated 1-pyrroles from acetylenes and nitriles in the KOBu/DMSO system.

We have discovered that three molecules of arylacetylene are rapidly (15 min) assembled with one molecule of nitrile at room temperature in the KOBu/DMSO system to afford 2-aryl-3-arylethynyl-4-aryl-5-benzyl-1-pyrroles in up to 76% yield. We assume that this unprecedented self-organization process involves the cascade addition of acetylenic carbanions, first to the CN, then to the CC and CC bonds of the intermediates, followed by pyrrole ring closure the intramolecular nucleophilic addition of the NH functional group to the CC bond of the final intermediates.

Diastereomerically pure rarely functionalized alkenoyl dihydropyrans, 1,6-diketones, and cyclopentanes from acetylene gas and ketones.

Pure ()-alkenoyl dihydropyrans are stereoselectively assembled from 2-acetyl-3,4-dihydropyrans (products of one-pot self-organization of acetylene gas and ketones) and aromatic aldehydes (52-86% yields). Furthermore, ()-alkenoyl dihydropyrans undergo ring opening (acid hydrolysis) to afford 5-hydroxy-1,6-diketones (44-67% yields) and acetyl-2-()-styryl-2,3-dihydroxycyclopentanes (19-32% yields), both as single diastereomers.