The role of the ALKBH5 RNA demethylase in invasive breast cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (mA) is the most common internal RNA modification and is involved in regulation of RNA and protein expression. AlkB family member 5 (ALKBH5) is a mA demethylase. Given the important role of mA in biological mechanisms, mA and its regulators, have been implicated in many disease processes, including cancer.

Cancer of unknown primary and the «seed and soil» hypothesis.

The worldwide incidence rate of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) reaches 5% (Kang et al, 2021; Lee, Sanoff, 2020; Yang et al, 2022). CUP has an alarmingly high mortality rate, with 84% of patients succumbing within the first year following diagnosis (Registration and Service, 2018). Under normal circumstances, tumor cell metastasis follows the «seed and soil» hypothesis, displaying a tissue-specific pattern of cancer cell homing behavior based on the microenvironment composition of secondary organs.

Eternal Youth: A Comprehensive Exploration of Gene, Cellular, and Pharmacological Anti-Aging Strategies.

The improvement of human living conditions has led to an increase in average life expectancy, creating a new social and medical problem-aging, which diminishes the overall quality of human life. The aging process of the body begins with the activation of effector signaling pathways of aging in cells, resulting in the loss of their normal functions and deleterious effects on the microenvironment. This, in turn, leads to chronic inflammation and similar transformations in neighboring cells.

Neutralizing Antibodies in COVID-19 Serum from Tatarstan, Russia.

The severity of COVID-19 is a result of the complex interplay between various branches of the immune system. However, our understanding of the role of neutralizing antibodies and the activation of cellular immune response in COVID-19 pathogenesis remains limited. In this study, we investigated neutralizing antibodies in patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, analyzing their cross-reactivity with the Wuhan and Omicron variants.

Molecular diagnostics in neurotrauma: Are there reliable biomarkers and effective methods for their detection?

To date, a large number of studies are being carried out in the field of neurotrauma, researchers not only establish the molecular mechanisms of the course of the disorders, but are also involved in the search for effective biomarkers for early prediction of the outcome and therapeutic intervention. Particular attention is paid to traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, due to the complex cascade of reactions in primary and secondary injury that affect pathophysiological processes and regenerative potential of the central nervous system. Despite a wide range of methods available methods to study biomarkers that correlate with the severity and degree of recovery in traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, development of reliable test systems for clinical use continues.

Clinical Case of Tofacitinib Therapy in Autoimmune Alopecia in Patient with Ulcerative Colitis.

This article presents the clinical case of a patient with a long history of ulcerative colitis. Seven years after the onset of the disease, other autoimmune disorders such as sacroiliitis and alopecia have manifested. Ulcerative colitis is characterized by severe exacerbations, development of steroid resistance, ineffectiveness of mesalazine therapy, and onset of leukopenia when taking azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine.

Application of Monoclonal Antibody Drugs in Treatment of COVID-19: a Review.

Coronavirus infection can have various degrees of severity and outcomes. In some cases, it causes excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, a so-called cytokine storm, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Unfortunately, the exact pathophysiology and treatment, especially for severe cases of COVID-19, are still uncertain.

Application of Extracorporeal Apheresis in Treatment of COVID-19: a Rapid Review.

Spread of a novel coronavirus infection in 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a real threat to public health all around the world. The new pandemic required the mobilization of all resources for effective treatment of COVID-19 patients. Extracorporeal apheresis methods were suggested as an addition to the therapy of severe COVID-19 patients, especially when there is a threat of cytokine storm.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a rare tumor diagnosed at any age; however younger age is a common risk factor. In addition, multiple factors are believed to contribute to higher rates of osteosarcoma, particularly race and gender. Although diagnosed worldwide, osteosarcoma is found to be more prevalent in Africa with high numbers of cases reported in Nigeria, Uganda, and Sudan.

Genetic Factors of Nitric Oxide's System in Psychoneurologic Disorders.

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The Skin-Brain Connection Hypothesis, Bringing Together CCL27-Mediated T-Cell Activation in the Skin and Neural Cell Damage in the Adult Brain.

Recent discovery of an association of low serum melatonin levels with relapse in multiple sclerosis (MS) opens a new horizon in understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. Skin is the main organ for sensing seasonal changes in duration of sunlight exposure. Level of melatonin production is dependent on light exposure.

Interaction and self-organization of human mesenchymal stem cells and neuro-blastoma SH-SY5Y cells under co-culture conditions: A novel system for modeling cancer cell micro-environment.

The common drawback of many in vitro cell culture systems is the absence of appropriate micro-environment, which is formed by the combination of factors such as cell-cell contacts, extracellular matrix and paracrine regulation. Micro-environmental factors in a tumor tissue can influence physiological status of the cancer cells and their susceptibility to anticancer therapies. Interaction of cancer cells with their micro-environment and regional stem cells, therefore, is of particular interest.