Reducing eating disorder risk among male athletes: A randomized controlled trial investigating the male athlete body project.

Objective: No study to date has investigated an intervention program for male athletes that targets eating disorder risk factors. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of the Male Athlete Body Project (MABP), an adaptation of the Female Athlete Body Project on body dissatisfaction, drive for muscularity, body-ideal internalization, and muscle dysmorphia.

Method: Participants were 79 male collegiate athletes who were randomized to the MABP (n = 39) or an assessment-only control condition (n = 40).

Nutrition knowledge moderates the association between perfectionism and shape/weight concerns.

Perfectionistic traits have been associated with stronger weight and diet concerns. Maladaptive perfectionism is tied to critical evaluation tendencies such as excessive concern about making mistakes, increasing one's risk for eating disorder pathology. Knowledge about healthy diet and nutrition may be one factor influencing associations between perfectionistic tendencies, as individuals with eating disorders may be more attuned to sources of nutrients.

Eating pathology and depressive symptoms as predictors of excessive weight gain during pregnancy.

Excessive gestational weight gain is associated with negative outcomes and the identification of contributing psychosocial factors may be useful in prevention and intervention. Pregnant women ( = 70) completed self-report measures of eating pathology, depressive symptomatology, and gestational weight gain. Global eating pathology was positively associated with overvaluation of shape and weight, dietary restraint, frequency of binge eating, and depressive symptoms.

Clinical Relevance of Overvaluation of Shape and Weight Among Bariatric Surgery Candidates.

Overvaluation of shape and weight (OSW), or self-evaluation based primarily on body shape and weight, is associated with cognitive and behavioral aspects of eating disorders (including dietary restraint; concerns about eating, shape, and weight; and loss of control eating (LOC-eating), as well as psychological distress. We explored associations among OSW, depressive symptoms, and various forms of eating-related psychopathology, including whether frequency of LOC-eating mediates observed associations, among 88 bariatric surgery candidates. OSW was positively correlated with LOC-eating frequency, eating-related psychopathology, and depressive symptoms.

Psychotropic drug changes contributing to readmissions in medically hospitalized psychiatric patients: A retrospective study.

Background: Psychotropic drug changes during medical hospitalizations may lead to psychiatric and medical readmissions.

Methods: One-year hospitalization records of nursing home patients with chronic mental illness and a psychotropic drug change during medical admission were reviewed. We calculated the readmission rates for 30, 60, and 90 days; the classes of the psychotropic drugs changed; the reason for change; and the specialties of the responsible physicians.

High-fiber foods reduce periodontal disease progression in men aged 65 and older: the Veterans Affairs normative aging study/Dental Longitudinal Study.

Objectives: To determine whether foods that are good to excellent sources of fiber reduce periodontal disease progression in men.

Design: Prospective, observational study.

Setting: Greater Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area.

Evaluation of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, hemoglobin A1c, and glucose levels in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls.

Background And Objective: Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) is a marker of hyperglycemic excursions in adults with diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) < 8%. We compared 1,5-AG levels among youth and young adults with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D) and investigated the utility of 1,5-AG in the assessment of glycemic status in pediatric T1D.

Methods: We compared 1,5-AG, HbA1c, and plasma glucose levels in 138 patients with T1D (duration ≥1 yr) and 136 healthy controls, aged 10-30 yr.

Comparative analysis of adult versus adolescent sexual assault: epidemiology and patterns of anogenital injury.

Objectives: To compare the characteristics of sexual assault in pubertal girls (<18 years old) and adults in a community-based population of women presenting to an urban sexual assault clinic.

Methods: This case-series analysis evaluated consecutive female patients presenting to a sexual assault clinic during a three-year study period. The clinic is associated with a university-affiliated emergency medicine residency program and is staffed by forensic nurses trained to perform medicolegal examinations using colposcopy with nuclear staining.