Worker Experiences of the Work Health and Safety Impacts of Exposure to Dying and Death in Clinical Settings: A Qualitative Scoping Review.

Workers employed in clinical healthcare settings often encounter dying and death of patients as a part of their role. This scoping review aimed to explore the physical and psychosocial OHS impacts on health workers exposed to death within their occupational role and their inherent coping strategies. Six electronic databases PsycINFO (Ovid), Medline (Ovid), AMED (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Proquest Social Sciences were searched for peer reviewed research articles published between March 1971 and April 2022.

Funeral Industry Workers' Work Health and Safety in Australia and Ireland.

Funeral workers (FWs) work within increasingly medicalized and commodified death-management systems. This study explored Worker Health and Safety (WHS) impacts in contemporary death management on Australian and Irish FWs. Mixed methods combined a survey and interviews.

Telomeres and replicative cellular aging of the human placenta and chorioamniotic membranes.

Recent hypotheses propose that the human placenta and chorioamniotic membranes (CAMs) experience telomere length (TL)-mediated senescence. These hypotheses are based on mean TL (mTL) measurements, but replicative senescence is triggered by short and dysfunctional telomeres, not mTL. We measured short telomeres by a vanguard method, the Telomere shortest length assay, and telomere-dysfunction-induced DNA damage foci (TIF) in placentas and CAMs between 18-week gestation and at full-term.

The Effect of Forced Cough to Minimize Pain and Discomfort at the Time of Colposcopy-Guided Cervical Biopsy.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether forced cough during colposcopy-guided cervical biopsy affected pain and anxiety levels.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted at the University Hospital (Newark, NJ) Ambulatory Care Center from December 2016 to June 2018 and evaluated 110 patients at the time of a colposcopy-guided cervical biopsy. Study patients were randomized to either cough or no cough group during the biopsy procedure.

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate administration increases cervical CCR5+CD4+ T cells and induces immunosuppressive milieu at the cervicovaginal mucosa.

Objectives: Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) is the most commonly used injectable hormone contraceptive in Sub-Saharan Africa where HIV incidence is high. We determined the impact of Depo-Provera on cervical immune cells and mediators in healthy women.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, vaginal, endocervical, and rectal swabs were collected at baseline (visit 1), 1 month (visit 2), and 3 months (visit 3) after Depo-Provera injection.

Differential effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate administration on vaginal microbiome in Hispanic White and Black women.

The use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a 3-monthly injectable hormonal contraceptive, is associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition possibly through alteration of the vaginal microbiome. In this longitudinal interventional study, we investigated the impact of DMPA administration on the vaginal microbiome in Hispanic White and Black women at the baseline (visit 1), 1 month (visit 2), and 3 months (visit 3) following DMPA treatment by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. No significant changes in the vaginal microbiome were observed after DMPA treatment when Hispanic White and Black women were analysed as a combined group.

Are Short Umbilical Cords Seen in Pathology Really Short?

Purpose: Short umbilical cords are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Clinicians may rely on measurements made by pathologists, which do not include portions of the cord remaining n the child or sent for blood gasses.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of term placentas.

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate administration alters immune markers for HIV preference and increases susceptibility of peripheral CD4 T cells to HIV infection.

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) has been associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition. In a longitudinal study, we investigated the impact of Depo-Provera use by healthy women on expression of immune markers for HIV preference and on HIV infection at baseline (visit 1), one month (visit 2) and three months (visit 3) after Depo-Provera treatment. We found a significant increase in the frequency and expression of integrin α4β7 on CD4+ T cells at visit 2.

Telomere length dynamics in early life: the blood-and-muscle model.

Telomere length (TL) trajectories in somatic tissues during human growth and development are poorly understood. We examined a blood-and-muscle model during early life, focusing on TL trajectories in leukocytes, representing the highly proliferative hematopoietic system, and skeletal muscle, a minimally proliferative tissue. Leukocyte TL (LTL) and skeletal muscle TL (MTL) were measured in 28 fetuses and 73 children.

The Epidemiology of Infant Mortality in the Greater Newark, New Jersey Area: A New Look at an Old Problem.

Review: This research had institutional review board approval from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and the State of New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. IRB #0120110286 BACKGROUND: The death rate during the first year of life, or infant mortality rate (IMR), is a key indicator of a nation's health. Many factors affect IMR in the United States, including race and ethnicity.

RelB/p52-mediated NF-κB signaling alters histone acetylation to increase the abundance of corticotropin-releasing hormone in human placenta.

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) produced in the placenta may be part of a clock that regulates the length of human gestation. Maternal plasma CRH abundance exponentially increases as pregnancy advances. Glucocorticoid stimulates CRH expression in full-term human placenta by promoting noncanonical (RelB/p52 heterodimer-mediated) nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway activity.

Reducing mental health disparities through transformative learning: a social change model with refugees and students.

Distribution of power and resources greatly impacts the mental health of individuals and communities. Thus, to reduce mental health disparities, it is imperative to address these social determinants of mental health through social change. Engaging in social change efforts requires people to critically engage with present conditions on personal, local, national, and global levels and to develop knowledge, capacity, and experience with envisioning and creating more equitable conditions.

Reducing refugee mental health disparities: a community-based intervention to address postmigration stressors with African adults.

Refugees resettled in the United States have disproportionately high rates of psychological distress. Research has demonstrated the roles of postmigration stressors, including lack of meaningful social roles, poverty, unemployment, lack of environmental mastery, discrimination, limited English proficiency, and social isolation. We report a multimethod, within-group longitudinal pilot study involving the adaptation for African refugees of a community-based advocacy and learning intervention to address postmigration stressors.

Giant cell tumor of bone with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst-like change producing β-human chorionic gonadotropin.

Giant cell tumor of bone is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that is composed of sheets of neoplastic mononuclear cells interspersed amongst non-neoplastic, uniformly distributed, osteoclast-like giant cells. They represent approximately 4-5% of primary bone tumors. Rarely, bone tumors have been noted to produce human chorionic gonadotropin, a finding most often reported in osteosarcoma.

Negative effects of progesterone receptor isoform-A on human placental activity of the noncanonical NF-κB signaling.

Context: Progesterone (P4)contributes to the maintenance of human pregnancy, in part by inhibiting activity of the human pro-labor genes CRH and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of P4 remain poorly defined. We have shown that in human placenta, the constitutively activated noncanonical nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway positively regulates CRH and COX-2, which is further stimulated by glucocorticoid receptor signaling.

The effect of perioperative ketorolac on pain control in pregnancy termination.

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of perioperative ketorolac on pain associated with first-trimester aspiration abortion.

Study Design: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed involving pregnant women up to 14 weeks' gestation who desired pregnancy termination. Subjects were randomized to receive ketorolac 30 mg intravenously (n=31) or placebo (n=45) at the time of induction of anesthesia.

Trichoepithelioma of the vulva: report of a case and review of the literature.

Trichoepithelioma is a rare benign skin lesion arising from hair follicles. It most commonly arises on the face and scalp. It is exceptionally rare on the vulva.

Do stillborns with no identifiable pathology have leaner cords than liveborns?

Objective: To evaluate whether stillbirths with no explanation found at autopsy have thinner cords than live, gestational-age-matched controls.

Study Design: Stillbirth autopsies performed at University Hospital, Newark, New Jersey, from January 1995 to October 2002 were reviewed. Cases with no explanation for the death at autopsy had their umbilical cord diameters compared to those in 3 groups of age-matched controls: stillbirths with an identifiable cause of death, liveborns with placentas submitted for pathology evaluation and liveborns from which the placentas were not submitted to pathology.