A systematic review of how social connectedness influences associations between racism and discrimination on health outcomes.

Racial discrimination is a well-known risk factor of racial disparities in health. Although progress has been made in identifying multiple levels through which racism and racial discrimination influences health, less is known about social factors that may buffer racism's associations with health. We conducted a systematic review of the literature with a specific focus on social connectedness, racism, and health, retrieving studies conducted in the United States and published between January 1, 2012, and July 30, 2022, in peer-reviewed journals.

Economic evaluation of integrated services for non-communicable diseases and HIV: costs and client outcomes in rural Malawi.

Objective: To evaluate the costs and client outcomes associated with integrating screening and treatment for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into HIV services in a rural and remote part in southeastern Africa.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Primary and secondary level health facilities in Neno District, Malawi.

Association Between Educational Attainment and EFNEP Participants' Food Practice Outcomes.

Objective: Examine the association between educational attainment and improvement in food practice outcomes of the California Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) participants.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Participants: A total of 19,089 participants, 92.

Expanding access to non-communicable disease care in rural Malawi: outcomes from a retrospective cohort in an integrated NCD-HIV model.

Objectives: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for one-third of disability-adjusted life years in Malawi, and access to care is exceptionally limited. Integrated services with HIV are widely recommended, but few examples exist globally. We report descriptive outcomes from an Integrated Chronic Care Clinic (IC3).

Participants' Experiences of the 2018-2019 Government Shutdown and Subsequent Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefit Disruption Can Inform Future Policy.

The federal government shutdown from 22 December 2018 to 25 January 2019 created an unprecedented disruption in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. We conducted a cross-sectional qualitative study to begin to capture how the disruption affected food security and wellbeing among a small sample of California SNAP participants. We collected data from 26 low-income adults in four focus groups in four diverse California counties.

The Impact of Implementing a Comprehensive Surgical Program on the Surgical Cohort at a Remote Referral Hospital in Southeastern Liberia.

Background: Liberia has an extreme health workforce shortage, particularly with respect to surgery. JJ Dossen Memorial (JJD) is a public referral hospital supported by Partners in Health.

Methods: We designed and implemented a comprehensive surgical program at JJD.

Impact of Health System Inputs on Health Outcome: A Multilevel Longitudinal Analysis of Botswana National Antiretroviral Program (2002-2013).

Objective: To measure the association between the number of doctors, nurses and hospital beds per 10,000 people and individual HIV-infected patient outcomes in Botswana.

Design: Analysis of routinely collected longitudinal data from 97,627 patients who received ART through the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Program across all 24 health districts from 2002 to 2013. Doctors, nurses, and hospital bed density data at district-level were collected from various sources.

Trends and determinants of survival for over 200 000 patients on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana National Program: 2002-2013.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and risk factors of mortality for all HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral treatment at public and private healthcare facilities in the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Programme.

Design: We studied routinely collected data from 226 030 patients enrolled in the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Programme from 2002 to 2013.

Methods: A person-years (P-Y) approach was used to analyse all-cause mortality and follow-up rates for all HIV-infected individuals with documented antiretroviral therapy initiation dates.

Variation in attrition at subnational level: review of the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment (Masa) programme data (2002-2013).

Objective: To evaluate the variation in all-cause attrition [mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU)] among HIV-infected individuals in Botswana by health district during the rapid and massive scale-up of the National Treatment Program.

Methods: Analysis of routinely collected longitudinal data from 226 030 patients who received ART through the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Program across all 24 health districts from 2002 to 2013. A time-to-event analysis was used to measure crude mortality and loss to follow-up rates (LTFU).

Comparison of ARIMA and Random Forest time series models for prediction of avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks.

Background: Time series models can play an important role in disease prediction. Incidence data can be used to predict the future occurrence of disease events. Developments in modeling approaches provide an opportunity to compare different time series models for predictive power.

Folic acid modulates eNOS activity via effects on posttranslational modifications and protein-protein interactions.

Folic acid enhances endothelial function and improves outcome in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The exact intracellular signalling mechanisms involved remain elusive and were therefore the subject of this study. Particular focus was placed on folic acid-induced changes in posttranslational modifications of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

ANALYSIS OF A PLASTID MULTIGENE DATA SET AND THE PHYLOGENETIC POSITION OF THE MARINE MACROALGA CAULERPA FILIFORMIS (CHLOROPHYTA)(1).

Molecular phylogenetic relationships within the Chlorophyta have relied heavily on rRNA data. These data have revolutionized our insight in green algal evolution, yet some class relationships have never been well resolved. A commonly used class within the Chlorophyta is the Ulvophyceae, although there is not much support for its monophyly.