A Quantitative Approach to Determining the Ideal Female Lip Aesthetic and Its Effect on Facial Attractiveness.

Importance: Aesthetic proportions of the lips and their effect on facial attractiveness are poorly defined. Established guidelines would aid practitioners in achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes during cosmetic augmentation.

Objective: To assess the most attractive lip dimensions of white women based on attractiveness ranking of surface area, ratio of upper to lower lip, and dimensions of the lip surface area relative to the lower third of the face.

Morphometric facial analysis: a methodology to create lateral facial images.

Introduction: Currently, the majority of research in facial analysis using computational morphing methods focuses exclusively on analysis of frontal facial projections. Lateral facial morphing analysis has not been extensively investigated, and landmark features critical to specify registry points are unknown. This study aims to (1) determine the quantity of registry points (RP) required to create realistic lateral faces and (2) determine key facial registry point landmarks required to create synthetic lateral faces.

Population-based assessment of currently proposed ideals of nasal tip projection and rotation in young women.

Importance: There is no universally accepted quantitative metric that defines the ideal nasal tip rotation and projection.

Objective: To identify the ideal nasal tip projection (NTP) and rotation by using 3 classic NTP methods (Crumley 1, Crumley 2, and Goode).

Design, Setting, And Participants: Lateral facial portraits of normal-appearing white women aged 18 to 25 years were selected from a previously validated and attractiveness-scored database of images.

The virtual focus group: a modern methodology for facial attractiveness rating.

Background: Traditional focus groups have been essential to facial aesthetics research. Although they are currently the criterion standard in acquiring facial attractiveness ratings, they retain many shortcomings. This study's objectives were twofold: to determine whether attractiveness scores obtained from a social network site correlate with those from the traditional focus group method; and to evaluate whether this methodology could be a superior tool in evaluating facial attractiveness.

Nasal tip projection and facial attractiveness.

Objectives/hypothesis: Six nasal tip projection (NTP) ratios from Goode, Simons, Baum, Powell, and Crumley guide clinical and academic practice on quantifying NTP, but none have been empirically correlated with facial attractiveness. This study's objectives were to determine: 1) if there is a correlation between these ratios and facial attractiveness; and 2) which of the six ratios has the greatest linkage to overall facial attractiveness.

Study Design: Basic research study.

A new approach in determining lateral facial attractiveness.

Introduction: The current literature on facial attractiveness focuses on anterior-posterior facial portraits, with lateral facial analysis limited to comparing facial attractiveness scores with various facial measurements. Here we use a novel approach to more rigorously study lateral facial attractiveness by combining morphing software and a genetic algorithm with web-based facial attractiveness scoring to evolve attractive lateral facial images.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to: 1) identify the key lateral facial landmarks that produce realistic lateral facial images; and 2) determine if a genetic algorithm combined with morphing software can progressively evolve lateral facial attractiveness.

A web-based method for rating facial attractiveness.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine if facial attractiveness scores from a novel Internet-based facial attractiveness rating method correlate with those from the traditional focus group rating method, and whether this method can be an alternative for rating and evaluating facial attractiveness.

Study Design: Basic research study.

Methods: Eighty facial portraits were posted on a commercial Internet-based facial rating website to obtain facial attractiveness scores.