Ferroptosis of select skin epithelial cells initiates and maintains chronic systemic immune-mediated psoriatic disease.

Dysregulations of epithelial-immune interactions frequently culminate in chronic inflammatory diseases of the skin, lungs, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. Yet, the intraepithelial processes which initiate and perpetuate inflammation in these organs are poorly understood. Here, by utilizing redox lipidomics we identified ferroptosis-associated peroxidation of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines in the epithelia of patients with asthma, cystic fibrosis, psoriasis and renal failure.

Outcomes from a national screening program for Ukrainian refugees at risk of drug resistant tuberculosis in Wales.

High rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ukraine suggest screening is necessary to mitigate public health hazards for host populations. A pathway was implemented in Wales and data prospectively collected Between 8 April and 21 December 2022. Of 5425 Ukrainian arrivals, notifications were received by TB teams on 2395 (44%) of whom 1955 (82%) were screened.

The recognition and nursing management of common oncological emergencies in children.

An oncological emergency may be the initial presentation of a cancer, a sign of cancer progression, or a complication of cancer treatment. The most frequently encountered paediatric oncological emergencies include neutropenic sepsis, hyperleukocytosis, brain tumours presenting with raised intracranial pressure, tumour lysis syndrome and superior mediastinal syndrome. These are all life-threatening conditions that require urgent recognition and management.

Outcomes in Adults With Acute Liver Failure Between 1998 and 2013: An Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare syndrome of severe, rapid-onset hepatic dysfunction-without prior advanced liver disease-that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Intensive care and liver transplantation provide support and rescue, respectively.

Objective: To determine whether changes in causes, disease severity, treatment, or 21-day outcomes have occurred in recent years among adult patients with ALF referred to U.

Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure.

Background & Aims: N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, might benefit patients with non-acetaminophen-related acute liver failure.

Methods: In a prospective, double-blind trial, acute liver failure patients without clinical or historical evidence of acetaminophen overdose were stratified by site and coma grade and assigned randomly to groups that were given NAC or placebo (dextrose) infusion for 72 hours. The primary outcome was overall survival at 3 weeks.

False positive acetaminophen concentrations in patients with liver injury.

Background: Acetaminophen toxicity is the most common form of acute liver failure in the U.S. After acetaminophen overdoses, quantitation of plasma acetaminophen can aid in predicting severity of injury.

Predictive value of actin-free Gc-globulin in acute liver failure.

Serum concentrations of the actin scavenger Gc-globulin may provide prognostic information in acute liver failure (ALF). The fraction of Gc-globulin not bound to actin is postulated to represent a better marker than total Gc-globulin but has been difficult to measure. We tested a new rapid assay for actin-free Gc-globulin to determine its prognostic value when compared with the King's College Hospital (KCH) criteria in a large number of patients with ALF.

Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure.

Serum concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), variably elevated during liver injury, have been suggested to be of prognostic importance in acute liver failure (ALF), higher values being associated with improved outcome. Using a nephelometric assay, we measured AFP in sera obtained on admission from 206 patients prospectively enrolled in the US ALF Study, and on day 3 in 162 of these patients. The AFP ratio was defined as the day 3 AFP concentration divided by that observed on day 1.

Influence of high body mass index on outcome in acute liver failure.

Background & Aims: Diabetes and obesity affect development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases susceptibility to hepatic injury and limits regenerative capacity, which might increase adverse outcomes in acute liver failure. There is no difference in the prevalence of diabetes in acute liver failure patients when compared with the general population, but no large studies have examined the relationship of obesity to incidence or outcome of acute liver failure.

Colchicine treatment of alcoholic cirrhosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of patient survival.

Background & Aims: Colchicine improved survival and reversed cirrhosis in several small clinical trials. We compared the efficacy and safety of long-term colchicine, as compared with placebo, in patients with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis.

Methods: Five hundred forty-nine patients with advanced (Pugh B or C) alcoholic cirrhosis were randomized to receive either colchicine 0.

Pseudohypocalcemia after magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium in patients with cirrhosis.

Hypocalcemia in patients with cirrhosis may be due to a number of causes. We noted a relationship between injection with gadodiamide, a particular gadolinium chelate, during magnetic resonance imaging of the liver and the development of a falsely low serum total calcium level in a patient with cirrhosis. A cross-reference and retrospective chart review identified 10 additional patients in whom this phenomenon was noted.

The changing clinical presentation of recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation.

Background: Recurrent disease after liver transplant is a significant problem. Recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis (RPBC) is a histologic diagnosis. Clinical data is unreliable in predicting or diagnosing recurrence.

Pretransplant MELD score as a predictor of outcome after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis C.

The Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, an accurate predictor of mortality in patients awaiting liver transplantation (OLTX), did not predict graft or patient survival in the post-transplant setting. Our aim was to test the model in patients who underwent OLTX for chronic hepatitis C. Two hundred and eighty-seven adult patients who underwent primary OLTX for chronic hepatitis C between December 1993 and September 1999 were studied from a prospectively maintained database.

A correlation between the pretransplantation MELD score and mortality in the first two years after liver transplantation.

The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is now the criteria for allocation in liver transplantation for patients with chronic disease. Although the score has been effective in the prediction of mortality in patients awaiting liver transplantation, its abilities to predict posttransplantation outcome need study. The aim of this study is to compare outcome in the first 2 years after liver transplantation according to the pretransplantation MELD score.

Incidence and recurrence of autoimmune/alloimmune hepatitis in liver transplant recipients.

We prospectively collected data on 1,429 liver transplant recipients between December 1984 and December 1998. Fifty-five patients (3.8%; 10 men, 45 women; median age, 44.