Opinions about climate change, health, and pharmacy education among pharmacy faculty and administrators in the United States: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: The pharmacy profession must address climate change and its impact on health. Student pharmacists should be made aware of roles in sustainability, education, patient care, and advocacy; yet, pharmacy educators' perceptions of climate change and health may impact the extent and quality of education provided.

Objective: The primary objective was to assess pharmacy educators' beliefs regarding climate change and whether its effects on health should be included in Doctor of Pharmacy curricula.

Provision of maternal health services among Ohio community pharmacists practicing in maternity care deserts.

Background: Over 2.3 million reproductive-age women in the United States live in a maternity care desert, a county without obstetric services or providers; over 3 million more reside in a county with low access to maternity care. The National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations (NASPA) issued a toolkit outlining maternal health services community pharmacists are positioned to provide within their scope of practice.

Pharmacy Interns' Perception of Climate Change and Its Impact on Health.

: The effects of climate change are major threats to health and well-being. While the profession of pharmacy can make a difference through patient care activities, sustainability, and advocacy, literature detailing U.S.

Geographic Differences in Preconception Health Indicators Among Ohio Women Who Delivered Live Births, 2019-2021.

To determine whether geographic differences in preconception health indicators exist among Ohio women with live births, we analyzed 9 indicators from the 2019-2021 Ohio Pregnancy Assessment Survey (N = 14,377) by county type. Appalachian women reported lower rates of folic acid intake and higher rates of depression than women in other counties. Appalachian and rural non-Appalachian women most often reported cigarette use.

Descriptive Report of a Pharmacist-Directed Preconception Care Outreach Program in a Rural Maternity Care Desert.

Preconception care is the prevention and management of biomedical, behavioral, and social risk factors to improve pregnancy outcomes and overall health for reproductive-age patients. A community-based pharmacist-directed preconception care outreach program was developed for women ages 18-45 years living in a rural maternity care desert to help them identify potential health risks and provide them with the needed education, counseling, or referrals to address these risks. Supervised student pharmacists, pharmacy practice residents, and pharmacy faculty from a local University collaborated to provide this program at four community events in conjunction with a mobile health clinic.

Community Pharmacist Provision of Non-Dispensing Services in Health Professional Shortage Areas.

Unlabelled: Individuals living in primary care health professional shortage areas (HPSAs) experience health inequities. Community pharmacists are healthcare professionals with an opportunity to provide care to underserved populations. The objective of this study was to compare non-dispensing services provided by Ohio community pharmacists in HPSAs and non-HPSAs.

Ohio community pharmacists' provision of inclusive care for transgender and gender-diverse patients.

Background: Community pharmacists have potential challenges to overcome to care for transgender and gender-diverse patients properly. The American Pharmacists Association and Human Rights Campaign released a resource guide in March 2021 with best practices for gender-affirming care, yet there are no reports of community pharmacists' awareness or implementation of the guide.

Objectives: This study's primary objective was to assess community pharmacists' awareness of the guide.

Pharmacists' perception of climate change and its impact on health.

Objectives: This study's primary objective was to assess pharmacists' knowledge and beliefs regarding climate change and health. Secondary objectives included assessing perceptions of its relevance to pharmacists and pharmacy practice as well as potential roles in mitigating climate change.

Methods: An 18-question, anonymous survey was developed using questions adapted from previously published surveys that evaluated the general public's views of international issues and health professionals' perceptions of climate change and health, with additions specific to the Midwestern United States and Ohio.

Advancing Public Health through Community Pharmacy Practice.

The overarching goal of public health is to advance the health of individuals, communities, and populations [...

Preconception health status and associated disparities among rural, Midwestern women in the United States.

Background: Little is known about the preconception/interconception health and behaviors of reproductive-age women in the rural Midwest of the United States. The purpose of this study was to quantify preconception/interconception health status and to identify disparities compared with statewide estimates.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we collected data on 12 health conditions and behaviors that are risk factors for adverse maternal and infant health outcomes from nonpregnant women ages 18-45 years in rural northwestern Ohio.

Beyond Contraception: Pharmacist Roles to Support Maternal Health.

While contraception prescribing by pharmacists has seen rapid growth in recent years, pharmacist-provided services that can impact maternal health encompass more than just contraception. Each phase of maternal health-preconception, pregnancy, and post-pregnancy-has unique needs, and pharmacists are well equipped to provide services to meet those needs and are more accessible than other healthcare providers. While pharmacist-provided maternal health services may lead to significant savings to the healthcare system, additional research to more fully capture the value of pharmacist-provided maternal health services is needed.

Expanding Pharmacy Services to Support Public Health.

Pharmacists have had long-standing roles in public health, and the COVID-19 pandemic has broadened and accentuated their efforts in this area. Many pharmacists may be interested to expand pharmacy services to further support public health. While not intending to be exhaustive, this paper suggests potential areas for increased engagement and provides ideas for pharmacists who want develop and implement new initiatives to optimize the health of their patients and communities.

Management, entrepreneurship, continuing professional development, and leadership education in United States doctor of pharmacy curricula: A scoping review.

Background: As doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curricula must fulfill accreditation standards emphasizing managerial skills, entrepreneurship, continuing professional development (CPD), and leadership, there is interest among faculty to incorporate high-quality, evidence-based educational strategies. To date there has not been a comprehensive review of these four topics in one paper; therefore, we aimed to describe the landscape of the published literature and areas for future research.

Methods: A keyword search of Academic Search Complete/Premier and OvidMedline databases identified articles published between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2020.

Food for thought: Can community pharmacists help patients living in food deserts?

Background: Community pharmacists can play an important role in helping patients who live in food deserts through screening, adjusting therapeutic recommendations and counseling practices, and making referrals to community resources. However, literature regarding community pharmacists' knowledge, practices, and attitudes regarding food deserts is scant.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess Ohio community pharmacists' knowledge regarding food deserts.

Healthy People and Interested Students: Medical and Pharmacy Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Public Health.

Little is known about health professions students' awareness and attitudes regarding public health in the United States. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess medical and pharmacy students' knowledge and interest in the Healthy People initiative as well as perceptions of public health content in their curricula. An electronic survey was distributed in March 2021 in seven schools across Ohio; participation was incentivized through a USD 5 donation to the Ohio Association of Foodbanks to aid in COVID-19 relief efforts (maximum USD 1000) for each completed survey.

Opioid use disorder: Calling pharmacists to action for better preconception and pregnancy care.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) in women of child-bearing potential is problematic in the United States. This has resulted in increasing risk for adverse maternal outcomes, neonatal abstinence syndrome, fetal and neonatal harm, prolonged hospitalizations, and increased health care costs. Pharmacists in all practice settings have opportunities to provide preconception and pregnancy care to prevent and manage OUD.

Healthy People 2030: Roadmap for Public Health for the Next Decade.

Pharmacists play key roles in public health activities. The Healthy People initiative is a future-oriented approach to promote health and prevent disease, and serves as a framework for priority areas of intervention. The latest iteration, Healthy People 2030, was released in August 2020.

Retrospective evaluation of preconception care opportunities in a chain community pharmacy setting.

Objectives: Certain prescription medications should be avoided during pregnancy to reduce the risk of fetal harm. Identification of these medications to minimize exposure may be achieved through the integration of preconception care recommendations into medication therapy management (MTM) services. The primary objective of this study was to identify missed opportunities for pharmacists to provide preconception care support related to medications associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes for reproductive-aged women who received MTM consultations at a regional supermarket pharmacy chain.

Routine Healthcare Utilization Among Reproductive-Age Women Residing in a Rural Maternity Care Desert.

It is important that women of reproductive age have access to and use routine health services to improve birth outcomes. While it is estimated that more than 5 million women in over 1000 counties across the United States live in maternity care deserts, to date there have been no published studies characterizing access and barriers to routine healthcare utilization in these areas. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural county in northwest Ohio with 315 women ages 18-45 years.

Enhancing primary care and preventive services through Interprofessional practice and education.

Interprofessional (IP) practice and education are important when seeking to respond to the growing demand for primary and preventive care services. Multiple professions with synergistic expertise are needed to effectively provide health promotion, disease prevention, and patient education and to help patients with multiple comorbidities, chronic health conditions, and care coordination. A recent study by Schor et al.

Preconception care needs among female patients of childbearing age in an urban community pharmacy setting.

Objectives: To perform a needs assessment with the use of evidence-based core indicators developed by the Preconception Health and Heath Care (PCHHC) Initiative Clinical Workgroup and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to describe the preconception care needs among female patients of a community pharmacy.

Methods: Women of childbearing age received a paper survey in either English or Spanish containing questions about patient demographics, health status, and pregnancy considerations. On completion of the survey, patient medication history data were retrospectively gathered from the medication profile and vaccination status on select vaccines was determined using the Michigan vaccination reporting system.