Understanding Restaurant Healthfulness in Food Deserts.

Objective: To determine differences in restaurant environments between neighborhood and restaurant type to understand better a food desert's eating environments.

Methods: The Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for restaurants was used to assess restaurant healthfulness. Kruskal-Wallis compared healthy index scores, and Pearson chi-square compared individual items.

Interactive introductory nutrition course focusing on disease prevention increased whole-grain consumption by college students.

Objective: To estimate current consumption of whole grains in college students and determine whether there would be an increase in whole-grain consumption after the students completed an interactive introductory nutrition course focusing on disease prevention.

Methods: Eighty college students, 18-24 years old, participated in the study. Grain and whole-grain consumption, whole-grain food sources, and energy intake were measured before and after the nutrition course.

Evaluation of effectiveness of class-based nutrition intervention on changes in soft drink and milk consumption among young adults.

Background: During last few decades, soft drink consumption has steadily increased while milk intake has decreased. Excess consumption of soft drinks and low milk intake may pose risks of several diseases such as dental caries, obesity, and osteoporosis. Although beverage consumption habits form during young adulthood, which has a strong impact on beverage choices in later life, nutrition education programs on beverages are scarce in this population.

Gender differences in food preferences of school-aged children and adolescents.

Background: Schools have the opportunity, through the National School Lunch Program and Local School Wellness Policies, to have a significant impact on healthy eating behaviors. An understanding of children's and adolescents' food preferences in relation to gender and age will facilitate the successful creation of both healthy and financially viable school menus. The purpose of this study was to identify food preferences with respect to gender of school-age children and adolescents in an Ohio school district.

I like to jump on my trampoline: an analysis of drawings from 8- to 12-year-old children beginning a weight-management program.

The main objective of this exploratory study was to assess children's perceptions of their activity choices as they began a weight-management program for overweight children and their families. During pretesting of a 10-week weight-management program, participating children were asked to draw pictures of themselves doing something. The drawings of 35 children, ages 8 to 12, were qualitatively analyzed.

Effect of nutrition intervention using a general nutrition course for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among college students.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of implementing nutrition intervention using a general nutrition class to promote consumption of fruits and vegetables in college students.

Design: 3-day food records were collected, verified, and analyzed before and after the intervention.

Setting: A midwestern university.

The immunological and metabolic responses to exercise of varying intensities in normoxic and hypoxic environments.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of varying intensities of exercise in normoxic and hypoxic environments on selected immune regulation and metabolic responses. Using a within-subjects design, subjects performed maximal tests on a cycle ergometer in both normoxic (PiO2 = 20.94%) and hypoxic (PiO2 = 14.

The effects of nicotine on the metabolic and hormonal responses during acute cold exposure.

Objective: To examine the effects of nicotine on the metabolic and hormonal responses during acute cold exposure.

Methods: Participants in this study included 6 men and 5 women between the ages of 19 and 25 years. Each subject performed 2 cold-air trials (CATs) consisting of a 30-minute baseline (BASE) period and a 120-minute exposure to 10 degree C air.

The effect of cold exposure on the hormonal and metabolic responses to sleep deprivation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 12 degrees C cold exposure for 180-minutes on the hormonal responses of sleep-deprived individuals.

Methods: Participants underwent 2 cold-air trials: 1 after a normal night of sleep (ie, 6-8 hours) and 1 after 33 hours of sleep deprivation (SDEP). A venous blood sample was taken at baseline and then at 90-and 180-minute cold-exposure time points.

Thermal and metabolic responses of sleep deprivation of humans during acute cold exposure.

Purpose: This investigation evaluated the effects of 33 h of sleep deprivation on the thermoregulation in 12 male and female subjects (26.6 +/- 6.4 yrs) during 180 min of cold exposure in 12 degrees C air.

Nicotine effects on thermoregulatory responses of men and women during acute cold exposure.

Introduction: Due to the impact of nicotine (NIC) on the physiological processes involved in temperature regulation during cold exposure, it is conceivable that NIC may affect the body's thermoregulatory abilities during a cold stress. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of NIC on thermoregulatory responses during acute cold exposure.

Methods: There were six men and six women between the ages of 18 and 25 yr who participated in this study.

Age effects on thermal, metabolic, and perceptual responses to acute cold exposure.

Introduction: Thermoregulatory accidents rank as the sixth leading cause of death among older adults. Therefore, there is an urgency to clarify the influence of age on thermoregulation. This investigation sought to evaluate the influence of age on the thermal, metabolic, and perceptual responses of healthy, physically active, old (OLD) and young (YNG) men during exposure to 12, 18, and 27 degrees C for 120 min.