Human Milk Microbiome-A Review of Scientific Reports.

One of the most important bioactive components of breast milk are free breast milk oligosaccharides, which are a source of energy for commensal intestinal microorganisms, stimulating the growth of , , and in a child's digestive tract. There is some evidence that maternal, perinatal, and environmental-cultural factors influence the modulation of the breast milk microbiome. This review summarizes research that has examined the composition of the breast milk microbiome and the factors that may influence it.

The influence of stress factors on selected phenotypic and genotypic features of Listeria monocytogenes - a pilot study.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive rods, widespread in the environment due to their wide tolerance to changing conditions. The apilot study aimed to assess the impact of six various stresses (heat, cold, osmotic, acid, alkali, frozen) on phenotypic features: MIC of antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole; gradient stripes), motility, ability to form a biofilm (crystal violet method) and growth rate (OD and quantitative method), expression level of sigB (stress induced regulator of genes), agrA, agrB (associated with biofilm formation) and lmo2230, lmo0596 (acid and alkali stress) (qPCR) for three strains of L. monocytogenes.

Genomic and pathogenicity islands of -overview of selected aspects.

causes listeriosis, a disease characterized by a high mortality rate (up to 30%). Since the pathogen is highly tolerant to changing conditions (high and low temperature, wide pH range, low availability of nutrients), it is widespread in the environment, e.g.

Antibiotic Resistance in Selected Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens-An Issue of Concern?

Antibiotic resistance (AR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) have been confirmed for all major foodborne pathogens: spp., spp., and Of great concern to scientists and physicians are also reports of antibiotic-resistant emerging food pathogens-microorganisms that have not previously been linked to food contamination or were considered epidemiologically insignificant.

Assessment of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of Enterococcus species isolated from different pig farm environments in Poland.

Background: Enteroccocus spp. are human opportunistic pathogens causing a variety of serious and life-threating infections in humans, including urinary tract infection, endocarditis, skin infection and bacteraemia. Farm animals and direct contact with them are important sources of Enterococcus faecalis (EFA) and Enterococcus faecium (EFM) infections among farmers, veterinarians and individuals working in breeding farms and abattoirs.

Molluscs-A ticking microbial bomb.

Bivalve shellfish consumption (ark shells, clams, cockles, and oysters) has increased over the last decades. Following this trend, infectious disease outbreaks associated with their consumption have been reported more frequently. Molluscs are a diverse group of organisms found wild and farmed.

Assessment of the influence of selected stress factors on the growth and survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive rods, which are the etiological factor of listeriosis. L. monocytogenes quickly adapts to changing environmental conditions.

Antibiotic Resistance of spp. Isolated from the Urine of Patients Hospitalized in the University Hospital in North-Central Poland, 2016-2021.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common outpatient and inpatient infections, often treated with empirical therapy. spp. is responsible for about 10% of UTIs.

Genetic relatedness, virulence, and drug susceptibility of isolated from water and wild birds.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of Campylobacter isolated from wild birds (Black-headed gulls Chroicocephalus ridibundus and Great tits Parus major) and collect surface water samples (from rivers, ponds, ornamental lakes, freshwater beaches). Research material included 33 Campylobacter isolates. All the strains were isolated by different monitoring and surveillance plans.

Effect of Radiant Catalytic Ionization and Ozonation on spp. on Eggshells.

Three strains were used in the study (serovars: , and ). This study evaluated the efficacy of radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) and ozonation against spp. on eggshell (expressed as log CFU/egg).

The Role of Psychobiotics in Supporting the Treatment of Disturbances in the Functioning of the Nervous System-A Systematic Review.

Stress and anxiety are common phenomena that contribute to many nervous system dysfunctions. More and more research has been focusing on the importance of the gut-brain axis in the course and treatment of many diseases, including nervous system disorders. This review aims to present current knowledge on the influence of psychobiotics on the gut-brain axis based on selected diseases, i.

The Variable Nature of Vitamin C-Does It Help When Dealing with Coronavirus?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading worldwide. For this reason, new treatment methods are constantly being researched. Consequently, new and already-known preparations are being investigated to potentially reduce the severe course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

The effect of fluoroquinolones and antioxidans on biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis strains.

Background: Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics used in urinary tract infections. Unfortunately, resistance to this group of drugs is currently growing. The combined action of fluoroquinolones and other antibacterial and anti-biofilm substances may extend the use of this therapeutic option by clinicians.

Comparison of Selected Phenotypic Features of Persistent and Sporadic Strains of Sampled from Fish Processing Plants.

(1) Background: The main source of transmission of is contaminated food, e.g., fish and meat products and raw fruit and vegetables.

Two Faces of Fermented Foods-The Benefits and Threats of Its Consumption.

In underdeveloped and developing countries, due to poverty, fermentation is one of the most widely used preservation methods. It not only allows extending the shelf life of food, but also brings other benefits, including inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, improving the organoleptic properties and product digestibility, and can be a valuable source of functional microorganisms. Today, there is a great interest in functional strains, which, in addition to typical probiotic strains, can participate in the treatment of numerous diseases, disorders of the digestive system, but also mental diseases, or stimulate our immune system.

Nipah Virus-Another Threat From the World of Zoonotic Viruses.

Among the diseases that pose a serious threat to public health, those caused by viruses are of great importance. The Nipah virus (NiV) belonging to the family was reported in Malaysia in 1998/1999. Due to its high mortality in humans, its zoonotic nature, the possibility of human-to-human transmission, and the lack of an available vaccine, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized it as a global health problem.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from a meat processing plant.

Introduction And Objective: The ability of to create biofilm results in the higher resistance to disinfectants and determines the need to search for effective methods of eradication. The aim of the study was to assess the level of contamination in the environment of a meat processing plant. The sensitivity of tested isolates to various antimicrobials used for disinfection purposes was also estimated.

The Differences in the Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies after mRNA Vaccine between Convalescent and Non-Previously Infected People Disappear after the Second Dose-Study in Healthcare Workers Group in Poland.

(1) Background: In many infections, antibodies play a crucial role in controlling infection. In COVID-19, the dynamics of the immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 is not fully understood. (2) Methods: The study was conducted on 120 healthcare workers from Dr.

Adaptive Response of to the Stress Factors in the Food Processing Environment.

are Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacteria that easily adapt to changing environmental conditions. The ability to grow at a wide range of temperatures, pH, and salinity determines the presence of the pathogen in water, sewage, soil, decaying vegetation, and animal feed. is an etiological factor of listeriosis, especially dangerous for the elderly, pregnant women, and newborns.

The existence, spread, and strategies for environmental monitoring and control of SARS-CoV-2 in environmental media.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most influential infectious disease to emerge in the early 21st century. The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a great many deaths and has had a negative impact on the world's economic development. The etiological agent of COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

SARS-CoV-2-Morphology, Transmission and Diagnosis during Pandemic, Review with Element of Meta-Analysis.

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Thus far, the virus has killed over 2,782,112 people and infected over 126,842,694 in the world (state 27 March 2021), resulting in a pandemic for humans. Based on the present data, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals to humans cannot be excluded.

Flies as a potential vector of selected alert pathogens in a hospital environment.

Multi-drug resistant pathogens are a global problem. Flies are a potential vector of multi-drug resistant pathogens, which can be particularly dangerous in the hospital environment. This study aimed to evaluate flies as vectors of alert pathogens.

Human Skin Microbiome: Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Skin Microbiota.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and it protects the body from the external environment. It has become the topic of interest of researchers from various scientific fields. Microorganisms ensure the proper functioning of the skin.

SARS-CoV-2 in the environment-Non-droplet spreading routes.

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019, represents the same family as the Serve Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1). These viruses spread mainly via the droplet route. However, during the pandemic of COVID-19 other reservoirs, i.