A new linear phenyloxazole-benzothiadiazole luminophore: crystal growth, structure and fluorescence properties.

A new linear luminophore consisting of five conjugated units of oxazole, phenylene and a central benzothiadiazole fragment, 4,7-bis[4-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)phenyl]-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, has been synthesized and characterized. Needle-like single-crystal samples up to 10 mm in length were obtained by physical vapor transport. The crystal structure was determined at 95 K and 293 K using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

A monoclinic semiorganic molecular crystal GUHP for terahertz photonics and optoelectronics.

In this paper we describe the properties of the crystal of guanylurea hydrogen phosphate (NH[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]CNHCO(NH[Formula: see text])H[Formula: see text]PO[Formula: see text] (GUHP) and propose its application in terahertz photonics and optoelectronics. GUHP crystal has a wide window of transparency and a high optical threshold in the visible and NIR spectral regions and narrow absorption bands in the terahertz frequency range. The spectral characteristics of absorption and refraction in the THz range were found to be strongly dependent on crystal temperature and orientation.

Structure of fluorite-like compound based on Nd₅Mo₃O₁₆ with lead partly substituting for neodymium.

A single crystal of Nd5Mo3O16 with lead partly substituting for neodymium, which has a fluorite-like structure, was studied by precision X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission microscopy and EDX microanalysis. The crystal structure is determined in the space group Pn3¯n. It was found that the Pb atoms substitute in part for Nd atoms in the structure and are located in the vicinity of Nd2 positions.

X-ray diffraction study of oxygen-conducting compounds Ln₂Mo₂O₉ (Ln = La, Pr).

The La2Mo2O9 (LM) and Pr2Mo2O9 (PM) single crystals are studied using precision X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission microscopy at room temperature. The crystal structures are determined in the space group P2(1)3. La and Pr atoms, as well as Mo1 and O1 atoms, are located in the vicinity of the threefold axes rather than on the axes as in the high-temperature cubic phase.

Substrate-enzyme competition attenuates upregulated anaplerotic flux through malic enzyme in hypertrophied rat heart and restores triacylglyceride content: attenuating upregulated anaplerosis in hypertrophy.

Recent work identifies the recruitment of alternate routes for carbohydrate oxidation, other than pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), in hypertrophied heart. Increased carboxylation of pyruvate via cytosolic malic enzyme (ME), producing malate, enables "anaplerotic" influx of carbon into the citric acid cycle. In addition to inefficient NADH production from pyruvate fueling this anaplerosis, ME also consumes NADPH necessary for lipogenesis.

The absence of endogenous lipid oxidation in early stage heart failure exposes limits in lipid storage and turnover.

Intramyocardial lipid handling in pressure-overload-induced heart failure remains poorly understood, and the balance between endogenous and exogenous lipid utilization for mitochondrial ATP production is essentially unknown. In this study, we determined the contribution of endogenous triacylglycerols (TAG) to mitochondrial oxidation relative to that of exogenous palmitate, glucose, and endogenous glycogen in the failing, pressure-overloaded rat heart. TAG content and turnover were also assessed to determine if lipid availability and mobility were altered.

Recruitment of compensatory pathways to sustain oxidative flux with reduced carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity characterizes inefficiency in energy metabolism in hypertrophied hearts.

Background: Transport rates of long-chain free fatty acids into mitochondria via carnitine palmitoyltransferase I relative to overall oxidative rates in hypertrophied hearts remain poorly understood. Furthermore, the extent of glucose oxidation, despite increased glycolysis in hypertrophy, remains controversial. The present study explores potential compensatory mechanisms to sustain tricarboxylic acid cycle flux that resolve the apparent discrepancy of reduced fatty acid oxidation without increased glucose oxidation through pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in the energy-poor, hypertrophied heart.

Recruitment of NADH shuttling in pressure-overloaded and hypertrophic rat hearts.

Glucose metabolism in the heart requires oxidation of cytosolic NADH from glycolysis. This study examines shuttling reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the mitochondria via the activity and expression of the oxoglutarate-malate carrier (OMC) in rat hearts subjected to 2 wk (Hyp2, n = 6) and 10 wk (Hyp10, n = 8) of pressure overload hypertrophy vs. that of sham-operated rats (Sham2, n = 6; and Sham10, n = 7).