Spatial and temporal patterns of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the impact of environmental drivers in a border area of the Russian Far East.

Aims: Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a significant zoonotic disease transmitted by rodents. The distribution of HFRS in the European part of Russia has been studied quite well; however, much less is known about the endemic area in the Russian Far East. The mutual influence of the epidemic situation in the border regions and the possibility of cross-border transmission of infection remain poorly understood.

Spatial patterns of tuberculosis in Russia in the context of social determinants.

Our study investigated the spatial distribution of tuberculosis and the influence of social determinants in Russia between 2006 and 2018 using the regional incidence of multi-drug resistance tuberculosis, HIV-TB coinfection, and mortality data. The "space-time cube" method identified the uneven geographical distribution of the tuberculosis burden. There is a clear distinction between a healthier European Russia, where a statistically significant stable trend towards a decrease in incidence and mortality was found, and the eastern part of the country, where there is no such trend.

Spatial patterns of West Nile virus distribution in the Volgograd region of Russia, a territory with long-existing foci.

Southern Russia remains affected by West Nile virus (WNV). In the current study, we identified the spatial determinants of WNV distribution in an area with endemic virus transmission, with special reference to the urban settings, by mapping probable points of human infection acquisition and points of virus detection in mosquitoes, ticks, birds, and mammals during 1999-2016. The suitability of thermal conditions for extrinsic virus replication was assessed based on the approach of degree-day summation and their changes were estimated by linear trend analysis.

Health disparities in Russia at the regional and global scales.

Background: The capacity for health comparisons, including the accurate comparison of indicators, is necessary for a comprehensive evaluation of well-being in places where people live. An important issue is the assessment of within-country heterogeneity for geographically extensive countries. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial and temporal changes in health status in Russia and to compare these regional changes with global trends.

Intraurban social risk and mortality patterns during extreme heat events: A case study of Moscow, 2010-2017.

There is currently an increase in the number of heat waves occurring worldwide. Moscow experienced the effects of an extreme heat wave in 2010, which resulted in more than 10,000 extra deaths and significant economic damage. This study conducted a comprehensive assessment of the social risks existing during the occurrence of heat waves and allowed us to identify the spatial heterogeneity of the city in terms of thermal risk and the consequences for public health.

Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation.

Background: Between 1999 and 2008 Russia experienced a flare-up of transmission of vivax malaria following its massive importation with more than 500 autochthonous cases in European Russia, the Moscow region being the most affected. The outbreak waned soon after a decrease in importation in mid-2000s and strengthening the control measures. Compared with other post-eradication epidemics in Europe this one was unprecedented by its extension and duration.

Potentially toxic elements in urban topsoils and health risk assessment for the mining W-Mo center in the Baikal region.

The main threats to health are associated with the entry of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into human bodies. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the Zakamensk W-Mo deposit development on soil surface horizons and the health of the local population. The results of the geochemical survey of 2012 revealed the spatial distribution patterns and abundances of 15 PTEs.

Effects of Climate Change and Heterogeneity of Local Climates оn the Development of Malaria Parasite () in Moscow Megacity Region.

The article presents the results of a spatio-temporal analysis of the changes of the favorability of climatic conditions for the transmission of vivax malaria in the Moscow megacity and its surroundings during the period from 1977 to 2016. Using the historical temperature records at urban and rural weather stations, we calculated the key indicators of climate favorability for malaria transmission, . the sum of effective temperatures, the duration of the season of effective infectiveness, and a new integral index of climate favorability.

Сardiovascular mortality during heat waves in temperate climate: an association with bioclimatic indices.

The authors studied the relative predictive powers of several bioclimatic indices as predictors of population mortality during heat waves. Daily mean and maximum values of air temperature, Humidex, apparent, and physiological equivalent temperatures (PETs) were examined. The numbers of daily deaths and daily meteorological data in Rostov-on-Don (southern Russia) were used.

Health risks facing travelers to Russia with special reference to natural-focal diseases.

Background: Russia, an enormous country almost completely located within temperate latitudes, has a broad spectrum of natural landscapes which attract increasing numbers of tourists, from arctic deserts in the north to steppes and deserts in the south. Currently, tourism is undergoing active development in Russia: new travel routes, including ones that involve visiting the wilderness, are steadily appearing. Among the multitude of infectious diseases that can endanger travelers, natural-focal diseases, whose agents and/or carriers are integral to natural landscapes, are especially prominent.

Natural-focal diseases: mapping experience in Russia.

Background: Natural-focal diseases constitute a serious hazard for human health. Agents and vectors of such diseases belong to natural landscapes. The aim of this study is to identify the diversity and geography of natural-focal diseases in Russia and to develop cartographic approaches for their mapping, including mathematical-cartographical modeling.