Imaging of Hydatid Disease with a Focus on Extrahepatic Involvement.

Hydatid disease (HD) is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of a tapeworm that is endemic to many regions around the world-South America, Africa, and Asia, in particular. Humans are infected as intermediate hosts in the parasite's life cycle; thus, HD can be seen in persons living in areas where animal husbandry is practiced. However, owing to the varied patterns of migration and immigration during the past several decades, HD can be diagnosed in individuals living anywhere.

Caval blood flow distribution in patients with Fontan circulation: quantification by using particle traces from 4D flow MR imaging.

Purpose: To validate the use of particle traces derived from four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to quantify in vivo the caval flow contribution to the pulmonary arteries (PAs) in patients who had been treated with the Fontan procedure.

Materials And Methods: The institutional review boards approved this study, and informed consent was obtained. Twelve healthy volunteers and 10 patients with Fontan circulation were evaluated.

Assessment of normal flow patterns in the pulmonary circulation by using 4D magnetic resonance velocity mapping.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze flow patterns in the pulmonary circulation of healthy volunteers by using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the local ethics committee and all subjects gave written informed consent. Eighteen volunteers underwent a 4D flow scan of the whole-heart.