Unraveling the nexus of oxidative stress, ocular diseases, and small extracellular vesicles to identify novel glaucoma biomarkers through in-depth proteomics.

Chronic ocular pathologies such as cataracts and glaucoma are emerging as an important problem for public health due to the changes in lifestyle and longevity. These age-related ocular diseases are largely mediated by oxidative stress. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are involved in cell-to-cell communication and transport.

Proteomics Analyses of Small Extracellular Vesicles of Aqueous Humor: Identification and Validation of GAS6 and SPP1 as Glaucoma Markers.

Cataracts and glaucoma account for a high percentage of vision loss and blindness worldwide. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are released into different body fluids, including the eye's aqueous humor. Information about their proteome content and characterization in ocular pathologies is not yet well established.

Clinical Management of Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Referral Center in Spain.

Purpose: To review the systemic and ocular outcomes and long-term status of ocular rhabdomyosarcoma in pediatric patients in a tertiary center in Spain.

Methods: All patients younger than 18 years who were diagnosed as having ocular rhabdomyosarcoma and treated between 1982 and 2011 at La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain, were included. Clinical presentation, management, complications, and ocular and systemic outcomes were reviewed.

External subretinal drainage, bevacizumab, and scleral buckling for complete exudative retinal detachment after photocoagulation in retinopathy of prematurity.

Background: Total serous retinal detachment after laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity is an infrequent type of retinal detachment in preterm babies.

Purpose: To describe the successful outcome for treatment by scleral drainage, bevacizumab, and scleral buckling for complete serous exudative retinal detachment in a patient with retinopathy of prematurity.

Methods: A preterm baby with primary pulmonary hypertension under treatment with sildenafil developed a total (retrolental) serous retinal detachment after photocoagulation for threshold retinopathy.

Adalimumab therapy for refractory childhood uveitis.

Purpose: To report the results of adalimumab therapy in a cohort of children with refractory noninfectious uveitis.

Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with uveitis and treated with biweekly adalimumab injections for a period of at least 3 months at the University Hospital of La Paz from 2007-2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Improvement in inflammatory activity was graded according to grading schema of the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group.

Vitreous diagnosis in neoplastic diseases.

Vitreous body is an intraocular structure, origin of diverse pathologies, but is also the place where cells and inflammatory mediators are released coming from several pathologic processes. These inflammatory reactions can happen in any other ocular location like choroid, retina, optic nerve, or ciliary body and vitreous humor constitutes a stagnant reservoir for these resulting substances and debris. Through the recent techniques of vitreous collecting, handling, and analysis, increasingly more sophisticated and with fewer complications, cellularity and molecules in the vitreous of challenging pathologies for the ophthalmologist can now be studied.

Atypical clinical presentation and long-term survival in a patient with optic nerve medulloepithelioma: a case report.

Introduction: Medulloepithelioma is a rare congenital tumor of the primitive medullary neuroepithelium. A significant proportion of patients with medulloepithelioma arising from the optic nerve die from intracranial spread or cerebral metastasis. Because it has no known distinct clinical features and because of its low frequency, this tumor presents within the first two to six years of life and is usually misdiagnosed clinically as a different type of optic nerve tumor.