Reliability and validity of the T-shirt test for the assessment of unsupported sitting in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.

This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the T-shirt test (TST) in assessing sitting stability under three thigh support conditions and with timed outcomes derived in six ways among individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI). The TST was performed five times under three thigh support conditions (85%, 55% and 25% of total thigh length) in two evaluations spaced between 7-14 days. For each thigh condition, six different outcomes were derived (average or best time from 2, 3, and 5 trial).

Cardiac autonomic modulation in response to postural transition during a virtual reality task in individuals with spinal cord injury: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: The postural transition from sitting to standing is a moment of dysautonomic occurrence in individuals with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Different tools can be used to minimize this event, such as virtual reality. Thus, we aimed to analyze cardiac autonomic modulation in individuals with SCI during postural transition from the sitting to orthostatism position using a cognitive virtual reality (VR) task.

Comparison of cardiac autonomic modulation of athletes and non-athletes individuals with spinal cord injury at rest and during a non-immersive virtual reality task.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To compare cardiac autonomic modulation of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) that practice different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) and able-bodied controls at rest and during a non-immersive Virtual Reality task.

Setting: Athletes with SCI of wheelchair basketball, wheelchair tennis, wheelchair handball, WCMX (wheelchair motocross), and para-swimming were assessed at the Faca na Cadeira Institute, ICEL and Clube Espéria in São Paulo, Brazil; non-athletes with SCI and able-bodied controls were assessed at the Acreditando Centro de Recuperação Neuromotora, São Paulo, Brazil.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Modified Tardieu Scale for muscle tone assessment among patients with spinal cord injury.

Background: Assessment of muscle tone is of great importance for evaluating people with spinal injuries.

Objective: To translate and adapt the Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) to Brazilian Portuguese and validate its use for evaluating patients with spinal cord injury.

Methods: The translation and adaptation of the "Escala de Tardieu Modificada" went through the steps of translation, translation synthesis, back-translation and expert committee meeting.

Physical Exercise for Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.

Considering the reduction of physical activity performed daily in people with spinal cord injury, it is necessary to analyze the interventions based on physical exercises in order to provide recommendations based on evidence. To review and evaluate the literature on physical exercise interventions for individuals with SCI, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, as well as physiological parameters for exercise prescription. A systematic review of the literature produced from August 2016 to February 2017 within the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE databases.

Long-term effects of an intensive interventional training program based on activities for individuals with spinal cord injury: a pilot study.

Objectives: To investigate the long-term effects of a rehabilitation program using activity-based therapies in daily activities and the participation of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Method: A descriptive study of case reports assessing the performance of daily activities and quality of life as a dependent variable, using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), respectively. Seven individuals were included in the intervention composed of a multimodal intensive therapies program based on activities (activity-based therapy, ABT) conducted for 18 months.

Morphological effects of resumption of loading after immobilization of skeletal muscles in lengthened position in female rats.

Background: In rehabilitation, immobilization of skeletal muscles in the elongated position is performed as a countermeasure in order to reverse the effects of severe muscle shortening and postoperative events. The return to normal functional activities is believed to stimulate mechanotransducers capable of reorganizing the normal muscle cytoarchitecture, but few data describing the histopathological changes relating to these procedures are available in the literature.

Objectives: To assess and quantify histological abnormalities induced by immobilization of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle in elongation and to compare them with free movement of the animal after this procedure.