Band neutrophil sign: A strong first-trimester ultrasound marker of combined duodenal and esophageal atresia.

Objectives: To reveal a first-trimester sonographic marker associated with combined duodenal and esophageal atresia (DA and EA).

Methods: This retrospective study included four patients referred to our department in the first trimester due to fetal stomach anomaly. In the literature, we found 20 additional cases of combined DA and EA with four of them to be revealed at 12 weeks.

Prenatal diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: Series of four cases and review of the literature.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare disease with a classic triad of port wine stains, varicose veins, and bony and soft tissue hypertrophy of an extremity. The quality of life in these patients is significantly affected, making the prenatal diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome important. We present four prenatally diagnosed cases of this anomaly with a unique case of ectrodactyly of the hand in foetus with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.

First-Trimester Diagnosis of Agnathia-Otocephaly Complex: A Series of 4 Cases and Review of the Literature.

First-trimester ultrasound findings in 4 fetuses with agnathia-otocephaly complex are described. In addition, information from 3 cases reported in the literature was also reviewed, for a total of 7 cases analyzed. All 7 fetuses presented with agnathia and 6 with ventrocaudal displacement of the ears (melotia/synotia).

Two Cases of Prenatally Diagnosed Membranous and Muscular Ventricular Septal Aneurysms.

A ventricular septal aneurysm is a rare heart defect located in the muscular or membranous part of the septum. Muscular ventricular septal aneurysms are usually isolated, with a favorable prognosis. Membranous ventricular septal aneurysms are often associated with other heart anomalies, could result in serious complications, and may require surgical treatment.

Biparietal diameter-to-crown-rump length disproportion in first-trimester fetuses with holoprosencephaly.

Objectives: To determine whether the biparietal diameter measurement is altered in first-trimester fetuses with holoprosencephaly.

Methods: Cases of holoprosencephaly were collected retrospectively from 4 fetal medicine centers, and first-trimester biparietal diameter measurements were reviewed. The diagnosis of holoprosencephaly was established sonographically by the detection of abnormal choroid plexus morphologic characteristics (absent "butterfly" sign) and the identification of a monoventricular cerebral cavity on axial views of the fetal brain.