The Significance of Asymmetry in the Assessment of Brain Perfusion in Atypical Tauopathic Parkinsonian Syndromes.

Progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPS) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) are clinical manifestations of tauopathic Parkinsonian syndromes. Due to their overlapping symptomatology, the differential diagnosis of these entities may be difficult when bounded to clinical assessment. The manifestations are commonly associated with pathological entities-corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy, which are four-repeat tauopathies.

Is MRPI 2.0 More Useful than MRPI and M/P Ratio in Differential Diagnosis of PSP-P with Other Atypical Parkinsonisms?

Differential diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy remains difficult, especially when it comes to the parkinsonism predominant type (PSP-P), which has a more favorable clinical course. In this entity, especially during the advanced stages, significant clinical overlaps with other tauopathic parkinsonian syndromes and multiple system atrophy (MSA) can be observed. Among the available additional diagnostic methods in every-day use, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) focused specifically on the evaluation of the mesencephalon seems to be crucial as it is described as a parameter associated with PSP.

Anti-IgLON5 Disease - The Current State of Knowledge and Further Perspectives.

Anti-IgLON5 disease is a relatively new neurological entity with the first cases reported in 2014. So far, less than 70 articles on this topic have been published. Due to its unspecific symptomatology, diverse progression, novelty and ambiguous character, it remains a difficulty for both clinical practitioners and scientists.

Differential Diagnosis of Rare Subtypes of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and PSP-Like Syndromes-Infrequent Manifestations of the Most Common Form of Atypical Parkinsonism.

Presently, there is increasing interest in rare PSP (progressive supranuclear palsy) variants, including PSP-PGF (PSP-progressive gait freezing), PSP-PI (PSP-postural instability), PSP-OM (PSP-ocular motor dysfunction), PSP-C (PSP-predominant cerebellar ataxia), PSP-CBS (PSP-corticobasal syndrome), PSP-SL (PSP-speech/language disorders), and PSP-PLS (PSP-primary lateral sclerosis). Diagnosis of these subtypes is usually based on clinical symptoms, thus thorough examination with anamnesis remains a major challenge for clinicians. The individual phenotypes often show great similarity to various neurodegenerative diseases and other genetic, autoimmune, or infectious disorders, manifesting as PSP-mimicking syndromes.

The Strengths and Obstacles in the Differential Diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT).

Multiple System Atrophy-Parkinsonism Predominant (MSA-P) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P) are the clinical manifestations of atypical parkinsonism. Currently, there are no efficient in vivo methods available relating to neuroimaging or biochemical analysis in the examination of these entities. Among the advanced methods available, using positron emission tomography is constrained by high cost and low accessibility.

Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio may reflect differences in PD and MSA-P neuroinflammation patterns.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the usefulness of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in evaluating the inflammatory process in alpha-synucleinopathies.

Clinical Rationale For The Study: The role of neuroinflammation in PD and MSA pathogenesis is indisputable. However, there is no method available in everyday use that would enable its evaluation.

The Rate of Decrease in Brain Perfusion in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome May Be Impacted by Glycemic Variability-A Pilot Study.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) are tauopathic parkinsonian syndromes, presently lacking disease-modifying treatments. Patients affected by these diseases suffer due to multidimensional deteriorations resulting in motor and cognitive impairment. Previously published research has confirmed risk factors that may impact the course of PSP and CBS, among them hypertension and diabetes.

Novel Therapies for Parkinsonian Syndromes-Recent Progress and Future Perspectives.

Atypical parkinsonian syndromes are rare, fatal neurodegenerative diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulation in the brain. Examples of these syndromes include progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, and corticobasal degeneration. A common clinical feature in parkinsonism is a limited improvement with levodopa.

The Role of Stem Cells in the Therapy of Stroke.

Background: Stroke is a major challenge in neurology due to its multifactorial genesis and irreversible consequences. Processes of endogenous post-stroke neurogenesis, although insufficient, may indicate possible direction of future therapy. Multiple research considers stem-cell-based approaches in order to maximize neuroregeneration and minimize post-stroke deficits.

Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Various Forms of Parkinsonism-Similarities and Differences.

Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy body (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) belong to a group of neurodegenerative diseases called parkinsonian syndromes. They share several clinical, neuropathological and genetic features. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive dysfunction of specific populations of neurons, determining clinical presentation.

The Role of Frontal Assessment Battery and Frontal Lobe Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in the Differential Diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Variants and Corticobasal Syndrome-A Pilot Study.

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) are clinical syndromes classified as atypical parkinsonism. Due to their overlapping symptomatology, recent research shows the necessity of finding new methods of examination of these clinical entities. PSP is a heterogenic disease.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at boundaries of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Syndrome (PSPS) and Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS).

Aim Of The Study: To examine possible features of neuroinflammation in progressive supranuclear palsy - Richardson syndrome and corticobasal syndrome (CBS).

Clinical Rationale For The Study: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a parameter reflecting inflammation used in numerous branches of medicine. The search for pathogenesis of the diseases partly related to inflammatory processes confirms the need to obtain possible factors which could be relatively easily verified.

The Links between Parkinson's Disease and Cancer.

Epidemiologic studies indicate a decreased incidence of most cancer types in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, some neoplasms are associated with a higher risk of occurrence in PD patients. Both pathologies share some common biological pathways.

Microglial Activation and Inflammation as a Factor in the Pathogenesis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease based on four-repeat tauopathy pathology. Currently, this entity is not fully recognized in the context of pathogenesis or clinical examination. This review evaluates the association between neuroinflammation and microglial activation with the induction of pathological cascades that result in tauopathy pathology and the clinical manifestation of PSP.

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P)-A Clinical Challenge at the Boundaries of PSP and Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Parkinson's Disease (PD), especially in their early stages, show overlapping clinical manifestations. The criteria for the diagnosis of PSP, released in 2017, indicate four basic features of the disease-postural instability (P), akinesia (A), oculomotor dysfunction (O) and cognitive and lingual disorders (C), which clarify the interpretation of the disease. There is growing interest in the second most common variant of PSP-parkinsonism predominant PSP-P.

Sleep Disturbances and Cognitive Impairment in the Course of Type 2 Diabetes-A Possible Link.

There is an increasing number of patients worldwide with sleep disturbances and diabetes. Various sleep disorders, including long or short sleep duration and poor sleep quality of numerous causes, may increase the risk of diabetes. Some symptoms of diabetes, such as painful peripheral neuropathy and nocturia, or associated other sleep disorders, such as sleep breathing disorders or sleep movement disorders, may influence sleep quality and quantity.

Accumulation of Tau Protein, Metabolism and Perfusion-Application and Efficacy of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Imaging in the Examination of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS).

Neuroimaging in the context of examining atypical parkinsonian tauopathies is an evolving matter. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) bring tools, which may be reasonable in supplementary examination, however cannot be interpreted as a gold standard for correct diagnosis. The review presents advantages and limitations of tau radiotracers in PET, metabolic PET and perfusion SPECT.