Isolation of full-length IgG antibodies from combinatorial libraries expressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli.

Here we describe a facile and robust genetic selection for isolating full-length IgG antibodies from combinatorial libraries expressed in the cytoplasm of redox-engineered Escherichia coli cells. The method is based on the transport of a bifunctional substrate comprised of an antigen fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, which allows positive selection of bacterial cells co-expressing cytoplasmic IgGs called cyclonals that specifically capture the chimeric antigen and sequester the antibiotic resistance marker in the cytoplasm. The utility of this approach is first demonstrated by isolating affinity-matured cyclonal variants that specifically bind their cognate antigen, the leucine zipper domain of a yeast transcriptional activator, with subnanomolar affinities, which represent a ~20-fold improvement over the parental IgG.

Profiling Germinal Center-like B Cell Responses to Conjugate Vaccines Using Synthetic Immune Organoids.

Glycoengineered bacteria have emerged as a cost-effective platform for rapid and controllable biosynthesis of designer conjugate vaccines. However, little is known about the engagement of such conjugates with naïve B cells to induce the formation of germinal centers (GC), a subanatomical microenvironment that converts naïve B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells. Using a three-dimensional biomaterials-based B-cell follicular organoid system, we demonstrate that conjugates triggered robust expression of hallmark GC markers, B cell receptor clustering, intracellular signaling, and somatic hypermutation.

Magnetite-OmpA Nanobioconjugates as Cell-Penetrating Vehicles with Endosomal Escape Abilities.

Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) has been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria due to its relevance in the adhesion of pathogens to host cells and its surfactant capabilities. It consists of a hydrophobic β-barrel domain and a hydrophilic periplasmic domain, that confers OmpA an amphiphilic structure. This study aims to elucidate the capacity of OmpA to translocate liposomal membranes and serve as a potential cell-penetrating vehicle.

Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors.

Removal of azo and diazo dye content from textile industry wastewaters is crucial due to their environmental impact. Here, we report on the use of the fungal laccase from CS43 immobilized on silica nanoparticles and entrapped in textile-based filters for the degradation of Congo Red. Laccase immobilization and synthesis of the nanocomposites were carried out by two different methods, one in the presence of acetone and the second using water as solvent.

Enhanced Catalytic Dye Decolorization by Microencapsulation of Laccase from CS43 in Natural and Synthetic Polymers.

Polymeric microcapsules with the fungal laccase from CS43 may represent an attractive avenue for the removal or degradation of dyes from wastewaters. Microcapsules of alginate/chitosan (9.23 ± 0.

Multifunctional magnetite nanoparticles to enable delivery of siRNA for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's.

Therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease have been extensively studied due to its recurrence and abundance among neurodegenerative diseases. It is thought that the accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) products, a consequence of an up-regulation of the β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), is the main triggering mechanism during the early stages of the disease. This study aims to explore the ability of a multifunctional conjugate based on magnetite nanoparticles for the cellular delivery of siRNA against the expression of the gene.

The future point-of-care detection of disease and its data capture and handling.

Point-of-care detection is a widely studied area that attracts effort and interest from a large number of fields and companies. However, there is also increased interest from the general public in this type of device, which has driven enormous changes in the design and conception of these developments and the way data is handled. Therefore, future point-of-care detection has to include communication with front-end technology, such as smartphones and networks, automation of manufacture, and the incorporation of concepts like the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing.