Investigating the efficacy of melatonin, topical sodium citrate, and multivitamin with zinc as a potential treatment for postinfectious loss of smell.

Objectives: Upper respiratory tract infections, including COVID-19, are associated with olfactory dysfunction and there is a need for novel therapeutic approaches. The aim of study was evaluating the effectiveness of adding melatonin, multivitamin and sodium citrate to olfactory training for the treatment of olfactory loss caused by COVID-19.

Methods: We evaluated olfactory function using University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT ®) scores and self-reported patient outcomes in post-infectious smell loss cases.

Inflammatory Profile of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyp Patients in Brazil: Multicenter Study.

Objectives: To determine the inflammatory profile of CRSwNP in Brazil and characterize the subgroups of CRSwNP patients in this population through cluster analysis.

Study Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study involving 15 centers representing different regions of Brazil.

Subjects And Methods: Clinical data of 166 patients and 80 controls, aged 18 to 70 years old, number of surgeries for CRS, history of asthma and aspirin sensitivity, and Lund-Mackay scores on CT scans.

Prognostic Value of New Sarcopenia Screening Tool in the Elderly-SARC-GLOBAL.

Sarcopenia screening tools have a low capacity to predict adverse outcomes that are consequences of sarcopenia in the elderly population. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a new sarcopenia screening tool SARC-GLOBAL to predict negative clinical outcomes in the elderly. A total of 395 individuals were evaluated in a 42-month period.

Exploring the impact of inflammatory endotypes on olfactory function and quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Objectives: The aim of this observational cross-sectional study was to determine the endotypic inflammatory pattern of a sample of patients with CRS in Brazil, correlate it with olfactory function, and evaluate the clinical severity of the disease.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 73 CRS patients were recruited. Patients were classified into type 2 and non-type 2 endotypic patterns based on IgE and eosinophilia levels.

Effectiveness of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech in children who use electronic devices through a systematic review of the literature.

Method: This is a systematic review based on the elaboration of the following guiding question: In hearing-impaired children who use electronic devices, how effective is the use of computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech? The Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and gray literature (Google Scholar and ProQuest) were consulted.

Results: Nine hundred and eighteen records were identified, with additional two studies in the citation search, totaling 920 studies.

Middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats diagnosed with the aid of video-otoscopy.

Case Series Summary: The present report describes middle ear cholesteatoma in two cats and also the use of video-otoscopy and flushing to assist with the diagnosis. CT and video-otoscopic examination and flushing were performed in two cats, a 13-year-old mixed breed spayed female cat and a 1-year-old mixed breed male cat, with middle ear cholesteatomas. During the procedure, keratinous material from the middle ears was collected for histopathological evaluation, demonstrating findings consistent with cholesteatoma, and the middle ears were flushed extensively.

High Prevalence of Energy and Nutrients Inadequacy among Brazilian Older Adults.

Poor nutrition increases the risk of diseases and adverse health outcomes in older adults. We evaluated the potential inadequacy of nutrient intake among older adults in Brazil and its association with body anthropometry and composition outcomes. Dietary intake was obtained from 295 community-living older adults (>60 years old), of both genders, using a seven-day food record.

The Association of Bacterin and Recombinant Proteins Induces a Humoral Response in Sheep against Caseous Lymphadenitis.

In this study, we investigated the capacity of the recombinant proteins SpaC, NanH, SodC, and PLD of to trigger protective humoral and cellular immune responses against experimentally induced infection in sheep. The antigens were produced in a heterologous system and were purified by affinity chromatography. Nine sheep were randomly divided into three groups, which were immunized as follows: Group 1 (control)-a mix of adjuvants composed of the inactivated T1 strain of and commercial Montanide™ISA 61 VG (T1M); Group 2-rSpaC, rSodC, rPLD, and T1M; Group 3-rNanH, rSodC, rPLD, and T1M.

Role of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis: evaluation of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Purpose: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent subtype of thyroid cancer; Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), autoimmune disease, commonly affects the thyroid gland; there is possibly a correlation between both, but the exact mechanisms that involve this relationship are still under debate. Since oxidative stress (OS) and the inflammatory environment participate in the development of several types of cancer, the objective of the present study was to establish the microenvironment and systemic participation of OS and inflammatory markers in patients with PTC and HT.

Methods: Blood and tissue samples were collected from 115 patients: BENIGN (n = 63); PTC (n = 27); HT (n = 15) and PTC + HT (n = 10), and sixty-three were samples from healthy individuals (control group).

Intensive Olfactory Training in Post-COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction (OD)-including anosmia and hyposmia-is a common symptom of COVID-19. Previous studies have identified olfactory training (OT) as an important treatment for postinfectious OD; however, little is known about its benefits and optimizations after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether olfactory training performance can be optimized using more fragrances over a shorter period of time in patients with persistent OD after COVID-19.

Treatment With Methotrexate Associated With Lipid Core Nanoparticles Prevents Aortic Dilation in a Murine Model of Marfan Syndrome.

In Marfan syndrome (MFS), dilation, dissection, and rupture of the aorta occur. Inflammation can be involved in the pathogenicity of aortic defects and can thus be a therapeutic target for MFS. Previously, we showed that the formulation of methotrexate (MTX) associated with lipid nanoparticles (LDE) has potent anti-inflammatory effects without toxicity.

Isolated Intracardiac Metastasis: The First Sign of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to the right atrium without invasion of the inferior vena cava is a very rare and difficult diagnosis, especially when the primary tumour is yet to be known. A 68-year-old man with symptoms of heart failure was admitted to the emergency department; his transthoracic echocardiogram showed a mass comprehending almost the totality of the right atrium, obliterating its entrance nearly completely and impeding the normal auricular-ventricular flux, described as a possible auricular myxoma. The patient was promptly transferred to cardiothoracic surgery and submitted to an urgent surgery to completely remove the mass, which was macroscopically described as suspected of malignancy.

Empowerment in hearing rehabilitation: translation of self-advocacy checklists.

Purpose: To translate and cross-culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese four instruments for assessing self-advocacy skills of users of electronic hearing devices: the "I can" Self-Advocacy Checklist and three versions of the Audiology Self-Advocacy Checklist (ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, MIDDLE SCHOOL and HIGH SCHOOL).

Methods: The translation process was adapted from the guidelines of Beaton et al. (2000).

Metformin pretreatment reduces effect to dacarbazine and suppresses melanoma cell resistance.

Oxidative stress role on metformin process of dacarbazine (DTIC) inducing resistance of B16F10 melanoma murine cells are investigated. To induce resistance to DTIC, murine melanoma cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of dacarabazine (DTIC-res group). Metformin was administered before and during the induction of resistance to DTIC (MET-DTIC).

Molecular profile of KRAS G12C-mutant colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer, however efforts to develop targeted therapies have been largely unsuccessful. Recently, two small-molecule inhibitors, AMG 510 and MRTX849, have shown promising activity in KRAS G12C-mutant solid tumors. The current study aims to assess the molecular profile of KRAS G12C in colorectal (CRC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tested in a clinical certified laboratory.

Modeling undergraduates' selection of course modality: A large sample, multi-discipline study.

Scholarly understanding is limited with regard to what influences students' choice to take a particular course fully online or in-person. We surveyed 650 undergraduates at a public Canadian university who were enrolled in courses that were offered in both modalities during the same semester, for roughly the same tuition cost. The courses spanned a wide range of disciplines, from archaeology to computing science.

Oxidative stress and TGF-β1 induction by metformin in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells are accompanied with the downregulation of genes related to cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis.

High doses of metformin induces oxidative stress (OS) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in breast cancer cells, which was associated with increased cancer stem cell population, local invasion, liver metastasis and treatment resistance. Considering the impact of TGF- β1 and OS in breast cancer and the interrelation between these two pathways, the objective of this work was to investigate the effects of consecutive metformin treatments, at a non-cytotoxic dosage, in TGF- β1 targets in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Cells were exposed to 6 μM of metformin for seven consecutive passages.

Efficacy of afoxolaner in the flea control in experimentally infested cats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of oral afoxolaner in controlling fleas in cats. Fourteen cats were used. The cats were given identification numbers, housed individually, artificially infested with Ctenocephalides felis felis, and treated (or not) with afoxolaner.

Development of auditory and language skills in children using cochlear implants with two signal processing strategies.

Introduction: The increase in the spectral information offered by the sound processing strategy HiRes 120 has led to great expectations for the pediatric population. Due to a shorter duration of auditory deprivation and higher neural plasticity, children could benefit more substantially from the spectral information of this sound processing strategy.

Objective: To compare auditory and language skills in Brazilian children with cochlear implants using the HiRes and HiRes 120 sound processing strategies.

Structural Characteristics and Torsional Resistance Evaluation of WaveOne and WaveOne Gold Instruments after Simulated Clinical Use.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare 2 reciprocating nickel-titanium systems with different manufacturing characteristics and to evaluate the influence of simulated clinical use on their torsional resistance.

Methods: New 25/.08 WaveOne Primary (WO; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA) and 25/.