Feasibility of Awake Intravesical Botulinum Toxin Injection in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder.

Purpose: Cystoscopic injection of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is typically performed under general anesthesia in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder, accumulating anesthetic exposures and operating room costs. As most of these patients already tolerate clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), it has become our practice to offer a trial of awake injection. We report our initial experience here.

Demographics and baseline care among newly transitioning adult congenital urology patients.

Introduction: In 2017, UCSF established a formal Transitional Urology (TU) clinic co-run by pediatric and adult urology aimed at providing comprehensive urologic care for people progressing into adulthood with complex urologic histories.

Objective: We aim to describe baseline demographic and disease characteristics of this population, understand gaps in care, and gauge follow-through.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective chart review of all new patients in the TU clinic at UCSF from February 2017 through January 2019.

Association of Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery With Telomere Length in Patients With Obesity.

This study examines whether telomeres lengthen in obese patients before and after laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.

Does Urinary Bisphenol-A Change after Bariatric Surgery?

Background: One of the world's highest volume chemicals is bisphenol-A (BPA), an organic compound with a high solubility in fat. An emerging body of literature has suggested a link between BPA, obesity, and insulin resistance. The study aim was to determine if surgical weight loss is associated with changes in BPA levels.

Missed Opportunities to Decrease Radiation Exposure in Children with Renal Trauma.

Purpose: Efforts have been made to reduce use of computerized tomography in children with blunt abdominal injury. Computerized tomography may be overused in pediatric patients with renal trauma.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all renal trauma patients younger than 18 years old treated at 2 urban trauma centers from 2002 to 2016.

Mesenteric defect closure in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Internal herniation is a potential complication following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Previous studies have shown that closure of mesenteric defects after LRYGB may reduce the incidence of internal herniation. However, controversy remains as to whether mesenteric defect closure is necessary to decrease the incidence of internal hernias after LRYGB.

Risk prediction models for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy using prostate-specific antigen and Gleason score.

Many computer models for predicting the risk of prostate cancer have been developed including for prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR). However, models for individual BCR free probability at individual time-points after a BCR free period are rare. Follow-up data from 1656 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) were used to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict BCR and to compare it with a logistic regression (LR) model using clinical and pathologic parameters, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), margin status (R0/1), pathological stage (pT), and Gleason Score (GS).

Matched comparison of robot-assisted, laparoscopic and open radical prostatectomy regarding pathologic and oncologic outcomes in obese patients.

Objectives: To investigate pathological and oncological outcomes of obese patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) compared with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) or open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) since limited comparative data exist with regard to oncological and survival outcomes.

Methods: A total of 869 patients with body mass index ≥ 30 from two academic centers were identified. A total of 194 patients who underwent RARP were propensity score (PS) matched 1:1 to LRP or RRP cases.

Matched comparison of outcomes following open and minimally invasive radical prostatectomy for high-risk patients.

Purpose: Comparative data related to the use of open and minimally invasive surgical approaches for the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) remain limited. We determined outcomes of open radical prostatectomy (RRP), laparoscopic RP (LRP), and robot-assisted RP (RARP) in matched cohorts of patients with high-risk prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 805 patients with high-risk PCa [prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >20 ng/mL, Gleason score ≥8, or clinical stage ≥cT2c] were identified.

Comparison of surgical technique (open vs. laparoscopic) on pathological and long term functional outcomes following radical prostatectomy.

Background: Few studies to date have directly compared outcomes of retropubic (RRP) and laparoscopic (LRP) radical prostatectomy. We investigated a single institution experience with RRP and LRP with respect to functional and pathological outcomes.

Methods: 168 patients who underwent RRP were compared to 171 patients who underwent LRP at our institution.

Higher rates of upgrading and upstaging in older patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and qualifying for active surveillance.

Objective: To determine pathological and oncological outcomes of patients diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer in two age cohorts who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) and qualified for active surveillance (AS) according to Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS) criteria, as AS for low-risk prostate cancer represents an acceptable management strategy especially for older patients.

Patients And Methods: In all, 320 patients aged ≥65 years who underwent RP and were eligible for AS according to PRIAS criteria were propensity score matched 1:1 to patients aged <65 years. Patient characteristics were compared with chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and one-way anova tests.

Group B Streptococcus colonization by HIV status in pregnant women: prevalence and risk factors.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of and risk factors for group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in an HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant population.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective double cohort study comparing the prevalence of GBS colonization between 90 HIV-infected and 1947 uninfected women attending prenatal care at San Francisco General Hospital, an urban public hospital affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco. We investigated risk factors for GBS colonization, including age, ethnicity, obesity, diabetes, alcohol or illicit drug use, tobacco use, degree of immunosuppression, and infectious comorbidities.