Evaluation of Salivary Indoxyl Sulfate with Proteinuria for Predicting Graft Deterioration in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant risk factor for developing chronic kidney disease and progression to end-stage renal disease in elderly patients. AKI is also a relatively common complication after kidney transplantation (KTx) associated with graft failure. Since the lifespan of a transplanted kidney is limited, the risk of the loss/deterioration of graft function (DoGF) should be estimated to apply the preventive treatment.

Magnetic Core-Shell Molecularly Imprinted Nano-Conjugates for Extraction of Antazoline and Hydroxyantazoline from Human Plasma-Material Characterization, Theoretical Analysis and Pharmacokinetics.

The aim of this study was to develop magnetic molecularly imprinted nano-conjugate sorbent for effective dispersive solid phase extraction of antazoline (ANT) and its metabolite, hydroxyantazoline (ANT-OH) in analytical method employing liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. The core-shell material was characterized in terms of adsorption properties, morphology and structure. The heterogeneous population of adsorption sites towards ANT-OH was characterized by two K and two B values: K (1) = 0.

Characterization of In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolism of Antazoline Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Antazoline (ANT) was recently shown to be an effective and safe antiarrhythmic drug in the termination of atrial fibrillation. However, the drug is still not listed in clinical guidelines. No data on ANT metabolism in humans is available.

Determination of Antidepressants in Human Plasma by Modified Cloud-Point Extraction Coupled with Mass Spectrometry.

Cloud-point extraction (CPE) is rarely combined with liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in drug determination due to the matrix effect (ME). However, we have recently shown that ME is not a limiting factor in CPE. Low extraction efficiency may be improved by salt addition, but none of the salts used in CPE are suitable for LC-MS.

Changes in Water Soluble Uremic Toxins and Urinary Acute Kidney Injury Biomarkers After 10- and 100-km Runs.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is described as a relatively common complication of exercise. In clinical practice the diagnosis of AKI is based on serum creatinine, the level of which is dependent not only on glomerular filtration rate but also on muscle mass and injury. Therefore, the diagnosis of AKI is overestimated after physical exercise.

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) Concentrations in Patients with Obesity and the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and play a critical role in the process of endothelial dysfunction, and are considered markers of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to explore relationships between ADMA and/or SDMA and the occurrence of OSA in obese patients as well as the effect of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism, which may modify the influence of ADMA or SDMA on NO production. A total of 518 unrelated obese subjects were included in this study.

Development of the LC-MS/MS method for determining the p-cresol level in plasma.

p-Cresol is a protein-bound uremic retention solute that originates in the intestine through bacterial metabolism and accumulates throughout the body in case of kidney failure. To date, there has been no method to analyze unconjugated p-cresol concentration in the blood with a limit of detection lower than 75 pg. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of unconjugated p-cresol in plasma with a lower detection limit than what has been determined using previously described methods.

The utility of saliva testing in the estimation of uremic toxin levels in serum.

Background p-Cresol sulfate (pCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are uremic toxins, high concentrations of which are related to renal failure progression. Saliva could become the first-line diagnostic sample of choice, especially for monitoring purposes. Recently, a method for determination of pCS and IS in saliva was developed.

Development and validation of a LC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of uraemic toxins p-cresol sulphate and indoxyl sulphate in saliva.

p-Cresol sulphate (pCS) and indoxyl sulphate (IS) are uraemic toxins, the concentration of which in serum correlate with the stage of renal failure. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of pCS and IS in saliva. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that such a method has been developed using saliva.

Activity of Cathepsin B in Serum of Patients after Kidney Transplantation Depends on Glucocorticosteroids Treatment.

Background: Kidney diseases are characterized by deterioration of the function of this organ, often leading to irreversible failure, where transplantation is the only alternative to permanent dialysis. Proteolytic enzymes, including cathepsins B, cleave the peptide bond by hydrolysis reaction. They are also involved in pathological processes such as carcinogenesis and inflammatory processes.