A 1.9 mm Trilogy lithotripter in mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy Description of technique and case outcomes.

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the novel use of a 1.9 mm Trilogy lithotripter probe with varying locations and composition of renal stones.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients to undergo mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) procedures using the 1.

Advancements in Performance of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Ambulatory Surgery Centers: Outcomes and Lessons From 1250+ Cases.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of routine ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in a freestanding ambulatory surgical center.

Methods: Patients were treated between 2015 and 2022 by one of three experienced endourologists in Maryland. The surgery center is free-standing, with the nearest hospital approximately 10 minutes away.

The exstrophy experience: A national survey assessing urinary continence, bladder management, and oncologic outcomes in adults.

Introduction And Objective: The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) is a rare spectrum of congenital genitourinary malformations with an incidence of 1:10,000 to 1:50,000. Advances in reconstructive surgical techniques have improved clinical outcomes, but there is a paucity in data about disease sequela in adulthood. This is the largest survey to date in the United States exploring the urinary continence, bladder management, and oncologic outcomes in adults with BEEC.

Vaginal Hormone Therapy for Conditions of the Lower Urinary Tract.

Purpose Of Review: Up to half of postmenopausal women experience genitourinary symptoms secondary to hormone deficiency, and there is little consensus on the use of vaginal hormone therapy (VHT) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in these patients. This is a review of the scientific literature in the last decade evaluating the use of VHT for disorders of the lower urinary tract including overactive bladder (OAB), stress urinary incontinence (SUI), recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (ICS/BPS).

Recent Findings: Vaginal estrogen therapy improves OAB symptoms in postmenopausal women, but results are mixed when VHT is used in combination with other treatments.

Reno-appendiceal fistula in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

We present a very rare Case of a 53-year-old female with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) who was incidentally found to have a reno-appendiceal fistula while undergoing open bilateral nephrectomy. The mid-portion of the appendix was fistulized to a cyst in the lower pole of the right kidney. The etiology was likely due to chronic inflammation.

New development of the yolk sac theory in diabetic embryopathy: molecular mechanism and link to structural birth defects.

Maternal diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for structural birth defects, including congenital heart defects and neural tube defects. With the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in women of childbearing age, diabetes mellitus-induced birth defects have become an increasingly significant public health problem. Maternal diabetes mellitus in vivo and high glucose in vitro induce yolk sac injuries by damaging the morphologic condition of cells and altering the dynamics of organelles.

Maternal diabetes triggers DNA damage and DNA damage response in neurulation stage embryos through oxidative stress.

DNA damage and DNA damage response (DDR) in neurulation stage embryos under maternal diabetes conditions are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether maternal diabetes and high glucose in vitro induce DNA damage and DDR in the developing embryo through oxidative stress. In vivo experiments were conducted by mating superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) transgenic male mice with wild-type (WT) female mice with or without diabetes.