Prevalence and impact of multidrug resistance in a cohort of patients admitted to emergency department for urinary tract-infections: The UTILY study, a prospective multicentre study.

Background And Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and to identify the independent predictors of multi-drug resistance among a cohort of patients admitted to emergency department for urinary tract infections (UTI), and to assess the impact of antimicrobial resistance on the clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicentre study enrolling all adult patients admitted to one of the eight emergency departments participating in the study with a microbiologically confirmed diagnosis of UTI from February 2023 to July 2024. The primary outcome evaluated was 30-day mortality; secondary outcomes included 7-day mortality and clinical response.

Sex-difference of multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular and mortality risk in DKD: post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial.

Objective: Women with type 2 diabetes experience higher cardiovascular and mortality risk than men possibly because of a sub-optimal cardio-protective treatment. We evaluated whether an intensive multifactorial therapy (MT) produces similar protective effect on development of adverse outcomes in women and men.

Research Design And Methods: Nephropathy in Diabetes type 2 study is an open-label cluster randomized trial comparing the effect of Usual Care (UC) or MT of main cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg, HbA1c < 7%, LDL < 100 mg/dL, and total cholesterol < 175 mg/dL) on cardiovascular and mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Impact of liver fibrosis on COVID-19 in-hospital mortality in Southern Italy.

Background & Aims: SARS-Cov-2 infection manifests as a wide spectrum of clinical presentation and even now, despite the global spread of the vaccine, contagiousness is still elevated. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the impact of liver fibrosis assessed by FIB-4 and liver impairment, assessed by cytolysis indices, on intrahospital mortality in COVID-19 subjects.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study, which involved 23 COVID Hospital Units in Campania Region, Italy.

Impact of Acute Kidney Injury on the COVID-19 In-Hospital Mortality in Octogenarian Patients: Insights from the COVOCA Study.

Background And Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of global public health, with some people suffering more adverse clinical outcomes than others. The aim of this study is to deepen our understanding of the specific impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on the in-hospital mortality in octogenarian patients with COVID-19.

Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study, which involved 23 COVID-19 hospital units in the Campania Region, Italy.

Discovery of novel drug-like antitubercular hits targeting the MEP pathway enzyme DXPS by strategic application of ligand-based virtual screening.

In the present manuscript, we describe how we successfully used ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) to identify two small-molecule, drug-like hit classes with excellent ADMET profiles against the difficult to address microbial enzyme 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXPS). In the fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR), it has become increasingly important to address novel targets such as DXPS, the first enzyme of the 2--methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which affords the universal isoprenoid precursors. This pathway is absent in humans but essential for pathogens such as , making it a rich source of drug targets for the development of novel anti-infectives.

Association between Renal Function at Admission and COVID-19 in-Hospital Mortality in Southern Italy: Findings from the Prospective Multicenter Italian COVOCA Study.

Background. Evidence has shown a close association between COVID-19 infection and renal complications in both individuals with previously normal renal function and those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods.

Direct delivery and fast-treated Agrobacterium co-culture (Fast-TrACC) plant transformation methods for Nicotiana benthamiana.

There is an expanding need to modify plant genomes to create new plant germplasm that advances both basic and applied plant research. Most current methods for plant genome modification involve regenerating plants from genetically modified cells in tissue culture, which is technically challenging, expensive and time consuming, and works with limited plant species or genotypes. Herein, we describe two Agrobacterium-based methods for creating genetic modifications on either sterilely grown or soil-grown Nicotiana benthamiana plants.

Differential biochemical and behavioral responses induced by cocaine and benzoylecgonine exposure to the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.

Cocaine (COC) and its main metabolite, the benzoylecgonine (BE), are the main illicit drugs measured in aquatic system worldwide, with concentrations up to hundreds of ng/L. Although their current environmental concentrations are low these molecules can induce adverse effects at sub-individual level in non-target organisms. In contrast, the information at individual and behavioral level are still scant.

Stereoselective Biocatalyzed Reductions of Ginger Active Components Recovered from Industrial Wastes.

Ginger is among the most widespread and widely consumed traditional medicinal plants around the world. Its beneficial effects, which comprise e. g.

Chiral 2-phenyl-3-hydroxypropyl esters as PKC-alpha modulators: HPLC enantioseparation, NMR absolute configuration assignment, and molecular docking studies.

Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms play a pivotal role in the regulation of numerous cellular functions, making them extensively studied and highly attractive drug targets. In our previous work, we identified in racemate 1-2, based on the 2-benzyl-3-hydroxypropyl ester scaffold, two new potent and promising PKCα and PKCδ ligands, targeting the C1 domain of these two kinases. Herein, we report the resolution of the racemates by enantioselective semi-preparative HPLC.

Fast-TrACC: A Rapid Method for Delivering and Testing Gene Editing Reagents in Somatic Plant Cells.

The production of transgenic or gene edited plants requires considerable time and effort. It is of value to know at the onset of a project whether the transgenes or gene editing reagents are functioning as predicted. To test molecular reagents transiently, we implemented an improved, -based co-culture method called Fast-TrACC (Fast Treated Agrobacterium Co-Culture).

Attaining the promise of plant gene editing at scale.

Crop improvement relies heavily on genetic variation that arises spontaneously through mutation. Modern breeding methods are very adept at combining this genetic variation in ways that achieve remarkable improvements in plant performance. Novel traits have also been created through mutation breeding and transgenesis.

Apoptosis-mediated anticancer activity in prostate cancer cells of a chestnut honey (Castanea sativa L.) quinoline-pyrrolidine gamma-lactam alkaloid.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and represents the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Western countries. PCa is initially androgen-dependent, however, this tumor inevitably progresses as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which represents the most aggressive phase of the pathology. In this work, in two CRPC cell lines (DU145 and PC3), we studied the in vitro inhibitory properties of the tryptophan-derived endogenous metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) and of the lactam form of 3-2'-pyrrilonidinyl-kynurenic acid (3-PKA-L), alkaloids usually present in combination in chestnut honey.

Bioactive Phenolic Compounds From Agri-Food Wastes: An Update on Green and Sustainable Extraction Methodologies.

Phenolic compounds are broadly represented in plant kingdom, and their occurrence in easily accessible low-cost sources like wastes from agri-food processing have led in the last decade to an increase of interest in their recovery and further exploitation. Indeed, most of these compounds are endowed with beneficial properties to human health (e.g.

Plant gene editing through de novo induction of meristems.

Plant gene editing is typically performed by delivering reagents such as Cas9 and single guide RNAs to explants in culture. Edited cells are then induced to differentiate into whole plants by exposure to various hormones. The creation of edited plants through tissue culture is often inefficient, time-consuming, works for only limited species and genotypes, and causes unintended changes to the genome and epigenome.

mTOR-regulated U2af1 tandem exon splicing specifies transcriptome features for translational control.

U2 auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) functions in 3'-splice site selection during pre-mRNA processing. Alternative usage of duplicated tandem exons in U2AF1 produces two isoforms, U2AF1a and U2AF1b, but their functional differences are unappreciated due to their homology. Through integrative approaches of genome editing, customized-transcriptome profiling and crosslinking-mediated interactome analyses, we discovered that the expression of U2AF1 isoforms is controlled by mTOR and they exhibit a distinctive molecular profile for the splice site and protein interactomes.

Novel Compounds Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein HuR. Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, and Interaction Studies.

The key role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in regulating post-transcriptional processes and their involvement in several pathologies (, cancer and neurodegeneration) have highlighted their potential as therapeutic targets. In this scenario, Embryonic Lethal Abnormal Vision (ELAV) or Hu proteins and their complexes with target mRNAs have been gaining growing attention. Compounds able to modulate the complex stability could constitute an innovative pharmacological strategy for the treatment of numerous diseases.

Diagnostic value of arterial blood gas lactate concentration in the different forms of mesenteric ischemia.

Purpose: The role of serum lactate measurement in patients with intestinal ischemia still remains unclear. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of arterial blood gas lactate concentrations in the patients with acute mesenteric ischemia and its different forms.

Methods: All the patients reporting abdominal pain associated with risk factors for mesenteric ischemia underwent arterial blood gas and contrast enhanced abdominal computer tomography (CT).

Compounds Interfering with Embryonic Lethal Abnormal Vision (ELAV) Protein-RNA Complexes: An Avenue for Discovering New Drugs.

RNA-binding proteins play a key role in post-transcriptional processes. Among these proteins, embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) proteins are among the best described. ELAV proteins predominantly act as positive regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is involved in several pathologies, such as cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases.

PKC in Regenerative Therapy: New Insights for Old Targets.

Effective therapies for chronic or non-healing wounds are still lacking. These tissue insults often result in severe clinical complications (i.e.

Enantiomeric 4-Acylamino-6-alkyloxy-2 Alkylthiopyrimidines As Potential A3 Adenosine Receptor Antagonists: HPLC Chiral Resolution and Absolute Configuration Assignment by a Full Set of Chiroptical Spectroscopy.

The chiral separation of enantiomeric couples of three potential A3 adenosine receptor antagonists: (R/S)-N-(6-(1-phenylethoxy)-2-(propylthio)pyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide (), (R/S)-N-(2-(1-phenylethylthio)-6-propoxypyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide (), and (R/S)-N-(2-(benzylthio)-6-sec-butoxypyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide () was achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three types of chiroptical spectroscopies, namely, optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), were applied to enantiomeric compounds. Through comparison with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, encompassing extensive conformational analysis, full assignment of the absolute configuration (AC) for the three sets of compounds was obtained.

Lung ultrasound for diagnosis of pneumonia in emergency department.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) in the emergency department (ED) has shown a significant role in the diagnostic workup of pulmonary edema, pneumothorax and pleural effusions. The aim of this study is to assess the reliability of LUS for the diagnosis of acute pneumonia compared to chest X-ray (CXR) study. The study was conducted from September 2013 to March 2015.