Sun Exposure Makes no Discrimination based on Vitamin D Status and VDR-Foki Polymorphisms for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers Risk in Iranian Subjects: A Case-Control Study.

Background And Objective: Sunlight exposure, the main source of endogenous vitamin D synthesis, may increase the risk of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) development. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with various malignancies. This study aimed to examine the associations between vitamin D status and VDR FokI polymorphisms in Iranian subjects with NMSC.

Improvement of vitamin D status through consumption of either fortified food products or supplement pills increased hemoglobin concentration in adult subjects: Analysis of pooled data from two randomized clinical trials.

It is documented that vitamin D may have a role in erythropoiesis as its deficiency is accompanied by an increased risk of anemia. This study aimed to examine whether improvement of vitamin D status through daily consumption of either fortified foods or supplements could impinge on certain hematologic parameters in adults. We pooled data from our two separate clinical trials and made five experimental groups.

Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components are Linked with Increased Risk of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers in Iranian Subjects: A Case-Control Study.

The associations between components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), and several malignancies have been reported. However, the possible link between IR and dermal malignancies, including non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), has not been investigated to date. In this study, we aimed to examine the possible association between components of MetS, IR, adhesion molecules, and NMSC for the first time.

Daily intake of yogurt drink fortified either with vitamin D alone or in combination with added calcium causes a thyroid-independent increase of resting metabolic rate in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial.

We investigated the effect of daily intake of yogurt drink fortified with either vitamin D alone or with added calcium on resting metabolic rate (RMR), thyroid hormones and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A total of 75 adult subjects with T2D were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups to receive either D-fortified yogurt drink (DY; 1000 IU vitamin D/day), Ca-D-fortified yogurt drink (CDY; 1000 IU vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium), or plain yogurt drink for 12 weeks. All assessments were done at the baseline and after the intervention.

Effect of latitude on seasonal variations of vitamin D and some cardiometabolic risk factors: national food and nutrition surveillance.

Background: Despite a remarkable reduction in the occurrence of many micronutrient deficiencies in most countries, vitamin D deficiency has remained a global problem. Age-adjusted disability-adjusted life years lost due to cardiovascular disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, including in the Islamic Republic of Iran, are higher than the global average.

Aims: To assess the effects of latitude and season on vitamin D status in the Iranian population and the association between vitamin D status and certain cardiometabolic risk factors.

Development of new predictive equations for basal metabolic rate in Iranian healthy adults: negligible effect of sex.

Some studies have reported inaccuracy of predicting basal metabolic rate (BMR) by using common equations for Asian people. Thus, this study was undertaken to develop new predictive equations for the Iranian community and also to compare their accuracy with the commonly used formulas. Anthropometric measures and thyroid function were evaluated for 267 healthy subjects (18-60 y).

Vitamin D-fortified cooking oil is an effective way to improve vitamin D status: an institutional efficacy trial.

Purpose: High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) justifies a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to combat VDD in the community. This study was undertaken for the first time to evaluate the efficacy of daily consumption of vitamin D fortified sunflower oil with a meal.

Methods: This single-blind trial was conducted in two separate institutions: one as intervention (D-fortified sunflower oil) group (DO, n = 39) and the other as control (unfortified sunflower oil) group (SO, n = 33).

Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Physical Performance of Iranian Elite Athletes.

Background: There has been no report of the vitamin D status of the professional athletes from Iran to date. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of weekly vitamin D supplementation on athletic performance in Iranian athletes expedited to Asian competition in Taipei, China, 2015.

Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Harmonization of serum 25-hydroxycalciferol assay results from high-performance liquid chromatography, enzyme immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, and immunochemiluminescence systems: A multicenter study.

Background: Remarkable disagreement among different systems of 25-hydroxy vitamin D 25(OH)D assay makes decision making for both clinical and community interventions very difficult. This study aimed to harmonize the results obtained from different 25(OH)D assay systems.

Methods: A total of 275 serum samples were analyzed for 25(OH)D using DIAsource-enzyme immunoassay (EIA), DIAsource-radioimmunoassay (RIA), Roche-electrochemiluminescence (ECL), Diasorin-chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), as the reference method.

Vitamin D-Fortified Bread Is as Effective as Supplement in Improving Vitamin D Status: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Context: Bread can potentially be a suitable vehicle for fortification with vitamin D.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the following: 1) the bioavailability of vitamin D from the fortified Iranian bread and 2) the possible effects of daily consumption of the fortified bread on certain health aspects.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted over 8 weeks in 90 healthy subjects aged 20-60 years.

A Vitamin D-Calcium-Fortified Yogurt Drink Decreased Serum PTH but did not Affect Osteocalcin in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: There is sparse evidence of the effect of vitamin D on bone biomarkers in diabetic patients, and therefore, in a randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the effects of the daily intake of vitamin D, either with or without extra calcium, on selected bone biomarkers.

Materials And Methods: Ninety women and men aged 30 - 50 years old with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into three groups in a double-blind manner. Group 1 (PD), the control group, received a plain yogurt drink.

Competitive Protein-binding assay-based Enzyme-immunoassay Method, Compared to High-pressure Liquid Chromatography, Has a Very Lower Diagnostic Value to Detect Vitamin D Deficiency in 9-12 Years Children.

Background: The most reliable indicator of Vitamin D status is circulating concentration of 25-hydroxycalciferol (25(OH) D) routinely determined by enzyme-immunoassays (EIA) methods. This study was performed to compare commonly used competitive protein-binding assays (CPBA)-based EIA with the gold standard, high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methods: Concentrations of 25(OH) D in sera from 257 randomly selected school children aged 9-11 years were determined by two methods of CPBA and HPLC.

Regular consumption of both vitamin D- and calcium- and vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink is equally accompanied by lowered blood lipoprotein (a) and elevated apoprotein A1 in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major morbidity and cause of death in diabetic subjects. Observational studies have shown the association of low vitamin D status with poor glycemic control, atherogenic lipid profile, and CVD. However, the possible link between circulating 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and apoproteins (Apo A1 and B) and the atherogenic lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has not been documented to date.

Vitamin D Receptor Fok-I polymorphism modulates diabetic host response to vitamin D intake: need for a nutrigenetic approach.

Objective: Interpopulation as well as interindividual variations in response to vitamin D intake commonly observed in subjects with type 2 diabetes may be related to genetic makeup. One of the candidate genes potentially responsible for this diversity is vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aimed to investigate the interactive effect of VDR Fok-I polymorphism and vitamin D intake on diverse aspects of diabetic host response.

Improvement of vitamin D status via daily intake of fortified yogurt drink either with or without extra calcium ameliorates systemic inflammatory biomarkers, including adipokines, in the subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Context: Systemic inflammation is thought to have a central role in diabetic long-term complications.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D either with or without extra calcium on certain inflammatory biomarkers in the subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial conducted over 12 wk in 90 T2D subjects aged 30-60 yr from both sexes.

Improvement of vitamin D status resulted in amelioration of biomarkers of systemic inflammation in the subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Both vitamin D deficiency and inflammation have been linked to cardiovascular disease, the major cause of death in diabetes. In this study, the effects of daily intake of vitamin D-fortified yoghourt drink (doogh) on systemic inflammatory biomarkers in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were investigated.

Subjects And Methods: In this 12-week randomized controlled trial, T2D subjects received either plain doogh (PD; containing 170 mg calcium and no detectable vitamin D/250 mL, n(1) = 50) or vitamin D3-fortified doogh (FD; containing 170 mg calcium and 500 IU/250 mL, n(2) = 50) twice a day.

Regular consumption of vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink (Doogh) improved endothelial biomarkers in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed as the underlying cause of diabetic angiopathy that eventually leads to cardiovascular disease, the major cause of death in diabetes. We recently demonstrated the ameliorating effect of regular vitamin D intake on the glycemic status of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, the effects of improvement of vitamin D status on glycemic status, lipid profile and endothelial biomarkers in T2D subjects were investigated.

Is vitamin D status a determining factor for metabolic syndrome? A case-control study.

This study was undertaken to assess vitamin D status in nonmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MeS) and to evaluate its possible role in inflammation and other components of MeS. A case-control study was conducted during late fall and winter 2009-10. A total of 375 women with waist circumference (WC) ≥88 cm were examined to find 100 who met MeS criteria according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)/Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria (NCEP/ATP III).

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in school-age children in Tehran, 2008: a red alert.

Objective: To assess the vitamin D status of 9-12-year-old primary-school children in Tehran during autumn and winter 2007-2008.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting: Primary schools of Tehran city, Iran.

Daily consumption of vitamin D- or vitamin D + calcium-fortified yogurt drink improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Low serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have been associated with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of daily intake of vitamin D- or vitamin D(3) + calcium-fortified yogurt drink on glycemic status in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design: Ninety diabetic subjects were randomly allocated to 3 groups to consume plain yogurt drink (PY; containing no vitamin D and 150 mg Ca/250 mL), vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink (DY; containing 500 IU vitamin D(3) and 150 mg Ca/250 mL), or vitamin D + calcium-fortified yogurt drink (DCY; containing 500 IU vitamin D(3) and 250 mg Ca/250 mL) twice per day for 12 wk.

Predictors of serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and systolic blood pressure in overweight and obese nondiabetic women in Tehran: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Extra fat mass is usually accompanied by metabolic as well as clinical derangements, including systemic inflammation and high blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the associations among anthropometric indicators, blood levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), lipid profile, blood glucose, insulin resistance, and blood pressure and determine the actual predictors of hsCRP and blood pressure in overweight/obese nondiabetic women in Tehran.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 200 women with body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m² were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.

The opposite associations of lycopene and body fat mass with humoral immunity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a possible role in atherogenesis.

This study examined the possible effects of lycopene at physiological dosage and body fat mass on the humoral immune response in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 35 patients with Typ2 diabetes mellitus from both sexes aged 54+/-9 yrs from the Iranian Diabetes Society were introduced into a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial conducted for 2 months. After a 2-week lycopene free diet washout period, patients were allocated to either lycopene supplementation group (10mg/d) (n=16) or placebo age- and sex matched group (n=19) for 8 weeks.