Cadmium nanocluster as a safe nanocarrier: biodistribution in BALB/c mice and application to carry crocin to breast cancer cell lines.

Aim: Metal nanoclusters are emerging nanomaterials applicable for drug delivery. Here, the toxicity and oxidative stress induction of divalent cationic cadmium (Cd) was compared with a Cd in the form of nanocluster. Then, it was used for targeted drug delivery into breast cancer cell lines.

The Effect of Ultrasonication on the Fibrillar/ Oligomeric Structures of Aβ at Different Concentrations.

The number of disease states linked the aberrant regular protein conformations to oligomers and amyloid fibrils. Amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ) peptide is very hydrophobic and quickly forms the β-rich structure and fibrillar protein aggregates in some solutions and buffer conditions. Ultrasonication pulses can disrupt amyloid fibrils to smaller fragments and produce Aβ peptides of different sizes and oligomers.

Saffron carotenoids reversed the UCMS-induced depression and anxiety in rats: Behavioral and biochemical parameters, and hippocampal BDNF/ERK/CREB and NR2B signaling markers.

Background: Depression is a debilitating condition that affects the mind and the individual's body. The improving effects of saffron on depression and anxiety have long been discussed, with limited information about the molecular mechanism of action.

Hypothesis/purpose: Investigating the effect of saffron carotenoids, Crocin and Crocetin, on depression and anxiety in rats by emphasizing some signaling pathways involved.

The size of human subcutaneous adipocytes, but not adiposity, is associated with inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance markers.

Background: The fat storage capacity of the adipose tissue prevents ectopic lipid deposition, which is one of the risk factors for metabolic abnormalities in obesity. This capacity depends upon the adipogenic gene expression and blood supply provision for tissue expansion through angiogenesis. Here, we studied hyperplasia/hypertrophy of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) concerning adipogenic gene expression, angiogenic status, and metabolic parameters in non-obese and different classes of obese individuals.

Protective effect of saffron carotenoids against amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells via the unfolded protein response and autophagy.

The preventive effect of saffron against Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported. Herein, we studied the effect of Cro and Crt, saffron carotenoids, on the cellular model of AD. The MTT assay, flow cytometry, and elevated p-JNK, p-Bcl-2, and c-PARP indicated the AβOs-induced apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells.

Proteomics analysis revealed the presence of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the plasma of migraine patients during the pain period.

Background: There is increasing evidence that some biomarkers are implicated in migraine pathogenesis. This study looks at plasma proteome in migraine patients for potential protein biomarkers.

Methods: This case-control study has two phases.

Possible role of WNT10B in increased proliferation and tubule formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures treated with hypoxic conditioned medium from human adipocytes.

Regulation of angiogenesis plays an important role in adipose tissue expansion and function. The Wnt pathway and WNT10B, the main member of Wnt family, participate in angiogenesis in cancer tumors, but there is limited evidence to support the regulatory role of WNT10B in human adipose tissue angiogenesis. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) of 80 participants including obese and non-obese subjects was obtained and the expression of and genes were evaluated using qPCR.

L-lysine protects C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes against high glucose damages and stresses.

Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes, which is associated with protein glycation and misfolding, impaired cell metabolism and altered signaling pathways result in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). We previously showed that L-lysine (Lys) inhibits the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins, and protects diabetic rats and type 2 diabetic patients against diabetic complications. Here, we studied some molecular aspects of the Lys protective role in high glucose (HG)-induced toxicity in C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Isolation and characterization of the primary epithelial breast cancer cells and the adjacent normal epithelial cells from Iranian women's breast cancer tumors.

As an experimental model, most studies rely on established human cancer cell lines; however, some genetical or phenotypical differences exist between these cells and their original tumor. Therefore, primary cells isolated directly from tissue are believed to be more biologically relevant tools for studying human and animal biology. Here, we aimed to isolate primary epithelial cancer and normal cells from breast tumors of Iranian women, for the first time.