Diagnostic Value of Hepatic Mast Cell Concentration (MCC) in NAFLD and NASH Severity and Fibrosis Grade.

Background & Objective: Mast cells play a role in the immune responses to fatty liver disease. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of hepatic mast cell concentration (MCC) in NAFLD and NASH severity and fibrosis grade.

Methods: The present cross-sectional unremarkable hepatic histology, NAFLD, or NASH cases were enrolled.

Simultaneous Presentation of Gastric and Orbital Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma or MALToma occurs in 8% of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to the latest WHO classification. The most involved site of MALToma is stomach. We describe a rare case of concurrent gastric and orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) of a female who presented with progressive proptosis and abdominal pain.

The Role of miR-29a and miR-143 on the Anti-apoptotic MCL-1/cIAP-2 Genes Expression in EGFR Mutated Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients.

The survival rate of lung cancer is low due to the high frequency of drug resistance in patients with mutations in the driver genes. Overexpression of anti-apoptotic genes is one of the most prominent features of tumor drug resistance. EGFR signaling induces the expression of anti-apoptotic genes.

A rare case report of muscular metastasis of prostate cancer.

Skeletal muscle metastasis of prostate cancer is a very rare phenomenon that has only been described in limited case reports. In this study, we present a case of neuroendocrine prostate cancer with muscle metastasis, a histological subtype associated with a grim prognosis. This case illustrates the potential efficacy of urgent surgical resection of the metastatic muscle mass, followed by adjuvant radiation therapy, as a suitable management strategy for this condition.

Fulminant hepatitis following COVID-19 vaccination: A case report.

The common side effects of COVID-19 vaccination were mostly self-restricted local reactions that quickly resolved. Nevertheless, rare autoimmune hepatitis cases have been reported in some vaccinated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. This article presents a young man who developed fulminant hepatitis a few days after vaccination with the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.

Combination of surgery and laser for the treatment of extensive VIN3 and vulval condyloma: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Vulval intraepithelial neoplastic lesions (VINs) are rare lesions that appear with limited signs of pre-malignancy restricted to the vulvar epithelium. One of the principal causes of VINs is the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially in people with weakened immune systems and young women.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old woman presented with VIN3 who had severe immunosuppression and was under corticosteroid treatment.

Long Non-Coding RNAs Expression in Breast Cancer: CBR3-AS1 LncRNA as a Sensitive Biomarker.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are eminent genes in the human genome that interfere with the regulation of many complexities of organisms and control many of the various biological processes. As a result, it is considered that they may play an important role in different cancers. With regard to the high prevalence of breast cancer and the role of lncRNA, the present study aimed at investigating the expression of various lncRNAs.

SOX2 and Bcl-2 as a Novel Prognostic Value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.

Sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a stem cell transcription factor and a major regulator of self-renewal and pluripotency of cancer stem cells (CSCs). In many types of cancer, SOX2 is dysregulated due to overexpression associated with tumor progression and low survival rate. Many HCC cases encounter recurrence and metastasis which might be due to CSCs and also apoptosis.

IgG4-related hypophysitis.

Hypophysitis is a rare pituitary inflammatory disorder classified in different ways. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD), also a rare disease is a systemic fibro-inflammatory condition characterized by infiltration of tissue with IgG4-positive plasma cells; however prevalence of both of them probably is underestimated. In this paper, we present an Iranian patient with biopsy-proven IgG4-related hypophysitis and then review the clinical characteristics, laboratory, imaging, pathologic findings and therapeutic management as well as prognosis of 115 published cases of hypophysitis secondary to IgG4-related disease.

Saccular mycotic aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta secondary to vertebral hydatid disease: A rare case.

Background/objective: Hydatid disease of the aorta is very rare. Hydatid disease can result in saccular aneurysm of the thoracic and abdominal aorta.

Case Report: We report a rare case of saccular aneurysm of the distal descending thoracic aorta.

FDG PET/CT of an Advanced Case of Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumor of Pleura.

We present a rare case of malignant nerve sheath tumor of pleura referred for the evaluation of metastases and local invasion. FDG PET/CT demonstrated a hypermetabolic tumoral lesion extensively involving the right pleura with no involvement of mediastinal structures or pulmonary parenchyma and no clear evidence of distant metastasis. Malignant nerve sheath tumor of pleura is an extremely rare entity, and FDG PET/CT is valuable in demonstrating the extent of disease and can have potential role for postsurgical as well as postchemotherapy assessment of possible residual disease.

Relationship Study of The Verified H uman Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Amplification with Other Tumor Markers and Clinicohistopathological Characteristics in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer, Using Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization.

Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (), as a crucial factor involved in about 20% of breast cancer cases, is one of the most reliable tumor markers to determine prognosis and therapeutic trend of this disease. This marker is generally assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. In the cases that result of IHC test cast doubt (+2), the test should be repeated or validated by applying in situ hybridization techniques, like chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH).

Integration rates of human papilloma virus genome in a molecular survey on cervical specimens among Iranian patients.

The human papilloma virus (HPV) as a major causative agent of different cancers is under investigation globally. In this study, we aim to investigate HPV infection in different cytological and pathological stages by different molecular methods, and then the viral genome integration of HPV-16 and -18 is determined by a specific real-time PCR method. The study included women who underwent liquid-based cytology.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Single Center Study from Iran.

Introduction: Lung cancer is the fifth leading tumor in Iran, and while its incidence remains relatively low, it has been increasing steadily. Targeted therapies have brought new hope to patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the prototype member of the type I receptor tyrosine kinase (TK) family and plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and differentiation.

Hirschsprung Disease Diagnosis: Calretinin Marker Role in Determining the Presence or Absence of Ganglion Cells.

Background: Hirschsprung disease is a complex genetic disorder of the enteric nervous system (ENS), often called congenital aganglionic megacolon and characterized by the absence of enteric neurons along a variable length of the intestine. The definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease relies on histologic and/or histochemical staining of sections from suction rectal biopsies. Calretinin immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be a useful in its diagnosis.

Biopsy-proven progressive fatty liver disease nine months post mini-gastric bypass surgery: A case study.

Introduction: Mini-gastric bypass (MGB) is a popular bariatric procedure. Its effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, has not yet been comprehensively studied.

Presentation Of Case: A 57 year-old non-alcoholic female with a body mass index of 42.

Polymorphism of IL-28B Gene (rs12979860) in HCV Genotype 1Patients Treated by Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin.

Background: Nowadays, the immune response to hepatitis C (HCV) treatment has become a crucial issue mostly due to the interleukin 28B (IL-28B) polymorphism effects in chronic HCV patients. The aim of this study was to detect the polymorphism of IL-28B gene (rs12979860) in HCV genotype 1 patients treated with pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin.

Methods: From the 2010 to 2012, a total of 115 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HCV patients who presented to Gastrointestinal & Liver Disease Research Center (GILDRC), Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran were enrolled in this retrospective cross sectional study.

Mutation Analysis of KRAS and BRAF Genes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: a First Large Scale Study from Iran.

Background: The investigation of mutation patterns in oncogenes potentially can make available a reliable mechanism for management and treatment decisions for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study concerns the rate of KRAS and BRAF genes mutations in Iranian metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, as well as associations of genotypes with clinicopathological features.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,000 mCRC specimens collected from 2008 to 2012 that referred to the Mehr Hospital and Partolab center, Tehran, Iran enrolled in this cross sectional study.

Investigation of FIH-1 and SOCS3 expression in KRAS mutant and wild-type patients with colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process based on the accumulation of somatic mutations in genes such as APC and KRAS. Data on the presence of mutations in KRAS gene in CRC and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and expression of genes involved in tumor progression are scarce. We unbiasedly examined the KRAS status in samples from 99 patients and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters such as age, sex, tumor location, lymph node metastasis, tumor stage, tumor grade, and vascular invasion.

Chromogenic In Situ Hybridisation Test for Breast Cancer Patients with Equivocal IHC Results--a Study from Iran.

Background: HER2/neu overexpression on cell membranes of breast cancer cells is due to HER2/neu gene amplification and it is important to identify potential candidates for anti HER2 therapy with trastuzumab. IHC, FISH and CISH are standard FDA approved assays currently used to determine HER2 status in routine practice. The aim of this study was to determine HER2 gene amplification, using the CISH method in breast carcinoma samples which had IHC +2 reactions.

Evaluation of HER-2/neu overexpression in gastric carcinoma using a tissue microarray.

Background: Amplification and overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 / neu) oncogene has considerable prognostic value in breast and gastric cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency, overexpression pattern, clinical significance, and concordance between the results for protein expression and gene amplification of HER-2/neu in gastric and gastro-esophageal junction carcinomas.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 101 gastric tissue samples which were included in tissue microarray were immunohistochemically examined for overexpression of HER2/neu.

Impact of microscopic duodenitis on symptomatic response to Helicobacter pylori eradication in functional dyspepsia.

Background And Aim: There is no consensus regarding the benefit of eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). We intended to compare the symptom response to H.