A Systematic Review Exploring Dietary Behaviors, Psychological Determinants and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Weight regains after bariatric surgery presents a significant challenge to long-term weight management and overall health outcomes. While clinical and surgical factors influencing bariatric outcomes have been extensively reviewed, there remains a notable gap in understanding how behavioral factors-specifically dietary habits, psychological influences, and lifestyle choices-impact long-term weight maintenance. This systematic review addresses this gap, highlighting the unique role of these behavioral factors in sustaining weight loss post-bariatric surgery.

Competencies, skills, and personal characteristics needed for pharmacy leaders: An in-depth interview.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the essential competencies, leadership development strategies, skills, values, and personal characteristics required for pharmacists aspiring to leadership positions in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Semi-structured, in-depth interviews, conducted either in person or via video, were selected to confidentially explore the leadership traits and strategies of pharmacists. The study included twelve pharmacists, consisting of 7 males and 5 females, with varying levels of experience: 3 aspiring leaders, 5 current leaders, and 4 retired leaders.

Assessing attitudes toward mental health illnesses in Saudi Arabia: A national cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the national attitudes toward individuals with mental health illnesses in Saudi Arabia, exploring the relationship between these attitudes and various sociodemographic factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional design with computer-assisted telephone interviews was employed, covering all 13 administrative regions in Saudi Arabia. A total of 4,533 adults agreed to participate, and their attitudes toward people with mental illnesses (PWMI) were measured using an 11-item scale.

Perceptions of mental disorder causes, treatments, and prevention among the general population in Saudi Arabia.

This study investigates the community's perception of mental health in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing its influence on attitudes toward the causes, treatment, and prevention of mental health issues. This understanding is vital for creating evidence-based mental health interventions. A cross-sectional national mental health screening was conducted in 2023, utilizing proportional quota sampling for age, gender, and regional representation among 4547 Saudi participants aged 18-90, randomly selected from national databases.

Exploring Mental Health Literacy and Its Associated Factors: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia, 2023.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine, for the first time, the mental health literacy of the Saudi general population. Additionally, we aim to identify demographic factors associated with elevated mental health literacy scores.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using a phone interview survey with quota sampling was conducted for equal distribution of sexes, age and administrative regions.

Cultural adaptation and validation of the mental illness associated stigma scale for Arabic-speaking population in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: This research aimed to culturally adapt and validate the MIAS scale for Arabic-speaking individuals within the Saudi Arabian general population, with an emphasis on cultural, societal, and individual nuances.

Methods: An initial pilot testing with a small group ensured the scale's clarity. Subsequently, two cross-sectional studies involving 189 participants to assess structural validity of the Arabic MIAS scale, and 38 participants to assess the test-retest reliability.

Comparing Lifestyle and Behavior of Post-Bariatric Surgery and Participants with Obesity: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: There is a paucity of research dedicated to exploring behavioral change in patients following bariatric surgery. However, there is a need for comparison analysis of individuals with obesity who have received surgical treatment and those who have not opted for any surgical procedures for weight loss. This study is designed to scrutinize the lifestyle choices, behavioral patterns, psychological elements, and eating habits of individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery, in contrast to those with obesity who have not undergone such a procedure.

Soft and energy drinks consumption and associated factors in Saudi adults: a national cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The consumption of soft and energy drinks poses a significant risk for non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. Studies in Saudi Arabia have reported elevated consumption of soft/energy drinks, but nation-wide data is not available. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence of soft and energy drinks consumption and its associated factors among a representative sample of Saudi adults.

Validation and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the mental health literacy scale among the Saudi Arabian general population.

Objective: This study aimed to validate the Arabic Version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (Arabic-MHLS) among the Saudi Arabian general population, assessing its internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and structural validity.

Methods: A total of 700 Arabic-speaking Saudi adults were randomly selected to complete the electronic questionnaire in May 2023, which generated 544 participants. Data were coded and stored in the ZdataCloud research data collection system database.

The Knowledge and Determinants of Sexual Health and Sexual Transmitted Infections Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Survey.

Background: Sexual health is a necessary part of any society because it significantly influences the quality of life. Women's knowledge regarding STIs and safe sex practices in Saudi Arabia has not been thoroughly investigated; therefore, this study aims to investigate and measure the knowledge and the determinants of sexual health and STIs among women in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted through phone interviews in Saudi Arabia in 2021.

Comparative analysis of lifestyle behaviors and dietary intake among obese and non-obese individuals following bariatric surgery: a secondary data analysis from 2020 to 2022.

Objective: The aim of this research is to perform a comparative examination of lifestyle habits and dietary consumption between obese and non-obese subjects who have undergone bariatric surgery. This is done with the intent of investigating the disparities in obesity outcomes attributable to these elements.

Method: This study involves a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data obtained from the Sharik Diet and Health National Survey (SDHNS).

Association between daily use of social media and behavioral lifestyles in the Saudi community: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between nine social media platforms use and health-related behavior, including fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, tobacco use, and risk factors including depression and obesity.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the Sharik Health Indicators Surveillance System (SHISS). Participants 18 years and older were recruited via phone-interviews.

Predicting Multimorbidity Using Saudi Health Indicators (Sharik) Nationwide Data: Statistical and Machine Learning Approach.

The Saudi population is at high risk of multimorbidity. The risk of these morbidities can be reduced by identifying common modifiable behavioural risk factors. This study uses statistical and machine learning methods to predict factors for multimorbidity in the Saudi population.

How Could Different Obesity Scenarios Alter the Burden of Type 2 Diabetes and Liver Disease in Saudi Arabia?

Introduction: Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and liver disease, and obesity-attributable liver disease is a common indication for liver transplant. Obesity prevalence in Saudi Arabia (SA) has increased in recent decades. SA has committed to the WHO "halt obesity" target to shift prevalence to 2010 levels by 2025.

National screening for anxiety and depression in Saudi Arabia 2022.

Background: Mental health disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), represent a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to provide a recent mental health screening prevalence, including anxiety and depression screening in the general public and to explore the associated risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, employing a phone interview survey with 6,015 participants, using a quota sampling strategy to ensure equal representation of both sexes and administrative regions.

Exploring the Sociodemographic and Behavioral Status of People Living with Hypercholesterolemia in Saudi Arabia: A Nation-Wide Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Hypercholesterolemia (HC) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death worldwide. Many factors can contribute to HC, including advanced age, chronic diseases (such as diabetes and nephrotic syndrome), and the use of certain medications.

Aim: Our goal was to compare the sociodemographic, behavioral, and other comorbid conditions of adult participants living with HC in Saudi Arabia to the general population.

Public Awareness of the Association between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease.

Periodontal disease is associated with other non-communicable diseases including diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, hypertension, and respiratory tract infections. This association merits careful study of the general population's awareness level in order to leverage the current state of science to improve general health and quality of life. This study included 502 residents of Saudi Arabia who received computer-assisted interviews to fill up the survey.

Microbiome-Targeted Therapies as an Adjunct to Traditional Weight Loss Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of microbiome-targeted therapies (pre-, pro-, and synbiotics) on weight loss and other anthropometric outcomes when delivered as an adjunct to traditional weight loss interventions in overweight and obese adults.

Methods: A systematic review of three databases (Medline [PubMed], Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020, that evaluated anthropometric outcomes following microbiome-targeted supplements in combination with dietary or dietary and exercise interventions. The pooled mean difference (MD) between treatment and control groups was calculated using a random effects model.

Attitudes Toward Organ Donation in an Arab-Based Population.

Background: Commitment to organ donation may vary among willing younger and older adults. We aimed to understand attitudes toward organ donation among Arab adults.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of adults from 13 regions in Saudi Arabia between February 12, 2021, and March 14, 2021.

Socioeconomic and Behavioral Disparities Among Diabetics in Saudi Arabia: A Nation-Wide Descriptive Study.

Purpose: This study aims to explore sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical factors in adult participants with Diabetes in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of 20492 potential participants conducted in quarters 1 and 2 in 2021 from all 13 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. A backward maximum likelihood logistic regression model, including all variables, was used to identify variables associated with participants living with Diabetes.

Consistency and Sensitivity Evaluation of the Saudi Arabia Mental Health Surveillance System (MHSS): Hypothesis Generation and Testing.

Background: Public health surveillance systems should be evaluated periodically, and the evaluation should include recommendations for improving the system's quality and efficiency. Each surveillance system may have a unique situation in which evaluating its quality depends on its methodology, aims, and other factors, such as the frequency of repeating the survey in the case of survey-based surveillance.

Objective: As the consistency of the surveillance system to capture demographic data and its sensitivity to monitor the intended health-related event are important indicators of the quality of the surveillance system, the aim of this article is to evaluate the Saudi Arabia Mental Health Surveillance System (MHSS) in terms of consistency and sensitivity via the scientific hypothesis testing process.

Gene Therapy Knowledge and Attitude Among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to assess healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and concerns toward gene therapy in Saudi Arabia. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey via convenience sampling during the period from December 2018 to March 2019. A total of 419 (358 pharmacists and 61 physicians) responded to our questionnaire.

Food Taste, Dietary Consumption, and Food Preference Perception of Changes Following Bariatric Surgery in the Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Bariatric surgery is known as the most effective treatment resulting in long-term weight loss for obesity. However, behavioral changes, including food preference, food allergies, and consumption, between groups of patients who underwent bariatric surgery in comparison with people who did not have bariatric surgery have not been fully discussed in the literature.

Objective: The aim of this article is to describe patient-reported changes of perception related to food preferences, consumption, and food allergies in participants who underwent bariatric surgery and to compare their food consumption with participants who did not have bariatric surgery in Saudi Arabia.