Role of body mass index in anastomotic leakage after curative treatment for rectal cancer.

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) represents a severe complication after rectal surgery, leading to significant morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Despite improvements in surgical methods and perioperative care, the challenge of AL persists.

Objectives: Explore the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the risk of AL following curative treatment for rectal cancer, providing insight into its predictive value.

Deterioration in renal function after stoma creation: a retrospective review from a Middle Eastern tertiary care center.

Background: Stomas are associated with multiple complications including dehydration which ultimately affects renal function. These complications begin with changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Objectives: Evaluate changes in GFR after stoma creation by stoma type and identify how different types of stoma affect GFR.

To Sir, With Love.

In this biography, the life of William Hugh Isbister is traced through three continents, where he planted the seeds of academic surgery into a generation of leaders in colorectal surgery. This ultimately improved the care for thousands of patients. His last station in Saudi Arabia made a huge impact on the country.

Retrospective Evaluation of the Impact of Dose Escalation Using Pre-operative Simultaneous Integrated Boost Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy on the Outcome of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Evaluating the outcome of pre-operative simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy (SIB-VMAT) concomitant with capecitabine in patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period January 2013-December 2019.

Results: A total of 134 patients were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 59 years.

Outcome after single dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection at 16 weeks post-vaccination among healthy adults in Saudi Arabia.

Background: The rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) infection and immunogenicity of a single dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine at 16 weeks post-vaccination among young and healthy participants remains unclear in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Assess the rate of subsequent infection and immunogenicity of a single dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine at 16 weeks post-vaccination in a sample of healthy and young participants.

Design: Cross-sectional study SETTING: Academic teaching hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Healthy participants 18-50 years of age, who received one dose of ChAdOx1 vaccine and had no history of SARS CoV-2 infection were recruited, and blood samples were obtained 16 weeks after vaccination to assess immunogenicity using a commercially available kit.

Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy using infusional gemcitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer: A phase II trial.

Introduction: Gemcitabine is a well-known radiosensitizer. Herein, we tested the efficacy and toxicity of preoperative concurrent infusional gemcitabine and radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: This was a phase II, single-arm trial.

Prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction: a Saudi national survey.

Background: Pelvic Floor Dysfunction (PFD) is a global health problem affecting millions of women worldwide and comprises a broad range of clinical dysfunctions such as urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) vaginal laxity (VL), vaginal wind (VW), and overactive bladder (OAB). This study aims to estimate the prevalence of PFD among Saudi women attending primary health care centers (PHCCs) across 13 regions of Saudi Arabia and their characteristics along with associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,289 non-pregnant women.

Impact of taxation policy on tobacco consumption in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Taxes on tobacco products that increase the price and target demand-reduction have been shown to be an efficient means of reducing tobacco consumption. A new policy introduced in 2017 has increased the price of a 20-cigarette pack of the most popular brand to 27.50 SAR (7.

Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosed in Saudi Arabia Between 2004 and 2015.

Purpose: Over the last decades, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased, particularly in countries with a higher socioeconomic status. The present work aimed to provide detailed epidemiological data on the incidence of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, the epidemiological data on pancreatic cancer cases diagnosed in 13 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia between January 2004 and December 2015 were extracted from the Saudi Cancer Registry.

Long-term outcomes after complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Data on long-term survival and recurrence of cancer after complete mesocolic excision (CME) for colon cancer has not been reported from our center and related to international data.

Objective: Describe overall and disease-free survival, survival by surgery site and stage, and recurrence rates after curative surgery.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

APC truncating mutations in Middle Eastern Population: Tankyrase inhibitor is an effective strategy to sensitize APC mutant CRC To 5-FU chemotherapy.

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is highly heterogeneous for which prognosis is dependent mainly on clinical staging. There is a need to stratify subpopulations of CRC on molecular basis to better predict outcome and therapy response. Truncating mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) are well-described events in CRC carcinogenesis.

Survival and outcomes after laparoscopic versus open curative resection for colon cancer.

Background: Many studies have shown that open and laparoscopicsurgery for resection of colonic cancers produce similar short- and long-term results, but no data have been reported from Saudi Arabia.

Objective: Compare 3-year disease-free and overall survival after laparoscopic versus open curative resection for potentially curable colon cancer.

Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study.

TGFβ-induced SMAD4-dependent Apoptosis Proceeded by EMT in CRC.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, colorectal cancer is more aggressive and presents at younger age, warranting new treatment strategies. Role of TGFβ/Smad4 signaling pathway in initiation and progression of colorectal cancer is well documented.

Dose Escalation with Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB) Using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) in Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: Assess feasibility-rate of PCR, short-term toxicity after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation (NACRT) delivered via simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with VMAT-SIB technique preoperatively at an academic tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between February 2013 and March 2017.

Results: One hundred patients with depth of invasion staged as T3/T4 or T2 in 93 and seven patients, respectively.

Expanding the spectrum of germline variants in cancer.

Our ability to identify germline variants in hereditary cancer cases remains challenged by the incomplete cataloging of relevant genes and lack of consensus on who should be tested. We designed a panel [hereditary oncogenesis predisposition evaluation (HOPE)] that encompasses most of the genes known to be associated with cancer development and tested its yield on more than 1300 samples of cancer patients. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in high and intermediate risk genes were identified in 16, 23.

is recurrently mutated in Middle Eastern colorectal cancer.

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer and a leading cause of cancer deaths. Previous studies have identified a number of key steps in the evolution of CRC but our knowledge of driver mutations in CRC remains incomplete. Recognising the potential of studying different human populations to reveal novel insights in disease pathogenesis, we conducted genomic analysis of CRC in Saudi patients.

Effect of major gastrointestinal tract surgery on the absorption and efficacy of direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs).

Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been introduced as alternatives to warfarin for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and for treatment of venous thromboembolism. Many patients undergoing major gastrointestinal resections or bypass receive anticoagulants for various indications, including the treatment of thrombotic complication of surgery and prevention of visceral vessels events recurrence. DOACs have a wide therapeutic range that allows fixed dosing determined based on studies conducted in healthy subjects with normal absorptive capacity.

Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy using capecitabine and cetuximab followed by definitive surgery in patients with operable rectal cancer.

Background: Achieving a high rate of complete pathological response with pre-operative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer is an unmet need. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of cetuximab, capecitabine and radiation therapy in the pre-operative setting of localized rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with clinically staged T3, T4 or nodepositive rectal cancer were treated with concurrent capecitabine and radiotherapy with weekly cetuximab starting one week before the start of radiation.

Evaluation of the cutting seton as a method of treatment for perianal fistula.

Background: Perianal fistulas are distressing for the patient and sometimes a challenge for the surgeon. Different methods for the treatment of perianal fistulas have a range of success rates and use of the cutting seton is still debatable.

Objectives: We evaluated the recurrence, success rate and incontinence with the cutting seton method for treating perianal fistula.

Colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia: incidence, survival, demographics and implications for national policies.

Background And Objectives: The national data on colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia has not been analyzed. The objective of this study is to describe the demographics, incidence and survival rates for colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia for the period 1994-2010.

Design: Retrospective analysis of the Saudi Cancer Registry data for the period 1994-2010.

National Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Saudi Arabia with strength of recommendations and quality of evidence.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer among Saudi men and the third commonest among Saudi women. Given the predominance of colorectal cancer compared with other cancers in Saudi Arabia, context-specific guidelines are needed for screening.

Methods: Experts from the Saudi Society of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Saudi Gastroenterology Association, Saudi Oncology Society, Saudi Chapter of Enterostomal Therapy, Family Medicine and Department of Public Health at the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health and a patient advocate was assembled by the Saudi Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, a subsidiary of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health.

Molecular markers and pathway analysis of colorectal carcinoma in the Middle East.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. A newly proposed integrated pathway comprising traditional, alternate, and serrated pathways by genetic and epigenetic factors was defined recently and hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of CRC; however, to the authors' knowledge, there is a paucity of information regarding these proposed molecular pathways in different ethnic groups.

Methods: Molecular characterization of 770 CRC specimens was performed for microsatellite instability, BRAF, and KRAS by polymerase chain reaction and 500 cases for CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) high phenotype by MethyLight technology.

Co-targeting of Cyclooxygenase-2 and FoxM1 is a viable strategy in inducing anticancer effects in colorectal cancer cells.

Background: Cross-talk between deregulated signaling pathways in cancer cells causes uncontrolled growth and proliferation. These cancers cells become more aggressive and quickly develop resistance to therapy. Therefore targeting of these deregulated pathways simultaneously can result in efficient cell death of cancer cells.

Risk Factors for Abdominal Incision Infection after Colorectal Surgery in a Saudi Arabian Population: The Method of Surveillance Matters.

Background: Reported surgical site infection rates range from 2.1% to 40% after colorectal surgery and are believed to be underestimated depending on the method of surveillance. The study aims were to identify an accurate incidence and associated risk factors for abdominal incision surgical site infection after elective open colorectal surgery in a Saudi population.