Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Presentations and Treatment Outcome of RT-PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients of Mymensingh Region.

Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) caused by the virus SARS-CoV 2 is a major health problem across the globe currently. Bangladesh is also defying this highly infectious disease with an exponentially rising number of cases across the country. This study was designed to observe the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation and treatment outcome of Covid-19 cases in Bangladesh.

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against severe omicron-related outcomes in children aged 5 to 11 years in Ontario: A Canadian immunization research network (CIRN) study.

Background: Understanding how the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines translates from clinical trials to real-world settings is critical to inform evolving vaccination policies. The objective of this study was to assess COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against severe COVID-19-related outcomes in children aged 5-11 years, including COVID-19-related hospital admissions and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study using linked health administrative data in the first year following the emergence of the Omicron variant (January 2 to December 31, 2022) in Ontario, Canada.

Analyzing the effectiveness of energy aid for driving the transition towards energy decarbonization; Evidence from Asian developing countries.

Environmental degradation poses a significant challenge in many developing countries, as they heavily rely on fossil fuels to drive economic activities. The transition towards renewable energy is crucial to mitigate ecological depletion, yet numerous Asian developing countries may struggle to achieve the desired levels of renewable energy adoption due to financial constraints. Foreign aid in the energy sector can expedite this transition process.

Phytoremediation potential of and for chromium with stimulation of secondary metabolites.

Anthropogenic activities have significantly polluted the natural environments all over the world. Leather processing industries release toxic heavy metals through their effluents posing a great threat to the environment. Chromium (Cr) is the major component of tannery effluents.

Mechanisms of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and immunomodulatory action of probiotics bacteria and their secondary metabolites against disease management: an overview.

Probiotics or bacteriotherapy is today's hot issue for public entities (Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization) as well as health and food industries since Metchnikoff and his colleagues hypothesized the correlation between probiotic consumption and human's health. They contribute to the newest and highly efficient arena of promising biotherapeutics. These are usually attractive in biomedical applications such as gut-related diseases like irritable bowel disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infections, various allergies, parasitic and bacterial infections, viral diseases, and intestinal inflammation, and are also worth immunomodulation.

The Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants of Detected in Dyspeptic Patients in North-Central Bangladesh.

Chronic infection of represents a key factor in the etiology of gastrointestinal diseases, with high endemicity in South Asia. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of among dyspeptic patients in north-central Bangladesh (Mymensingh) and analyze risk factors of infection and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants in the pathogen. Endoscopic gastrointestinal biopsy samples were collected from dyspeptic patients for a one-year period from March 2022 and were checked for the presence of via the rapid urease test and PCR and further analyzed for the status of virulence factors / and genetic determinants related to AMR via PCR with direct sequencing or RFLP.

A multiprovincial retrospective analysis of the incidence of myocarditis or pericarditis after mRNA vaccination compared to the incidence after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: To compare myocarditis/pericarditis risk after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination versus SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to assess if myocarditis/pericarditis risk varies by vaccine dosing interval.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used linked databases in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia between January 26, 2020, and September 9, 2021. We included individuals aged 12 or above who received an mRNA vaccine as the second dose or were SARS-CoV-2-positive by RT-PCR.

An Institution Based Cross-Sectional Observational Aetiological Study Correlating the Clinico-Pathological Findings in Patients Presenting with Acquired Palmoplantar Keratoderma.

Background: Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary or acquired disorders characterised by excessive epidermal thickening of the palms and soles. Proper knowledge about the aetiology of the disease and clinico-demographic profile helps in planning management and predicting outcomes.

Aims And Objective: To determine the prevalence of different dermatoses and describe their clinico-histological correlation in acquired palmoplantar keratoderma.

Indirect impact of childhood 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Canadian older adults: a Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) retrospective observational study.

Background: 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) has been part of publicly funded childhood immunisation programmes in Ontario and British Columbia (BC) since 2010. We assessed the indirect impact of infant PCV13 programmes on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and all-cause pneumonia hospitalisation in older adults (aged ≥65 years) using a retrospective observational study.

Methods: We extracted monthly IPD and all-cause pneumonia cases from laboratory and health administrative databases between January 2005 and December 2018.

COVID-19 vaccines and adverse events of special interest: A multinational Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) cohort study of 99 million vaccinated individuals.

Background: The Global COVID Vaccine Safety (GCoVS) Project, established in 2021 under the multinational Global Vaccine Data Network™ (GVDN®), facilitates comprehensive assessment of vaccine safety. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of adverse events of special interest (AESI) following COVID-19 vaccination from 10 sites across eight countries.

Methods: Using a common protocol, this observational cohort study compared observed with expected rates of 13 selected AESI across neurological, haematological, and cardiac outcomes.

Genetic characterization of methicillin-resistant / susceptible (MRSA/MSSA) and clinical isolates in Bangladesh: Dominance of ST6-MRSA-IV/t304 and detection of / in ST8-MSSA/t008.

Objectives: Coagulase-positive staphylococcus (CoPS), represented by , is a major cause of infections in humans. This study aimed to investigate molecular epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and their trends of CoPS in Bangladesh.

Methods: Clinical isolates of CoPS were collected from two medical institutions in Bangladesh for a 2-year period and analyzed for their species, genotypes, virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance determinants.

Oral glutamine: Is there a role in the amelioration of radiation-induced mucositis? A prospective case-control study at a tertiary care centre in North India.

Background: The most frequently occurring painful and dose-limiting side effect of radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck region is oral mucositis (OM). Several studies demonstrated that glutamine may reduce the severity and the duration of OM significantly during RT and chemo-radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Materials And Methods: Between January 2021 and August 2022, a prospective single institutional case-control study compared the efficacy and safety of oral glutamine on radiation-induced mucositis in patients with HNC.

A Novel Technique for Detecting Depressive Disorder: A Speech Database-Based Approach.

Depression is the second most diagnosed disease in the world and is predicted to be the highest by the year 2030. Depressive disorder impacts both on mentally and physically, thus diagnosing this disorder in early stage is essential. Automatic Depression Detection (ADD) system via speech can greatly facilitate early-stage depression diagnosis.

Protection Conferred by COVID-19 Vaccination, Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection, or Hybrid Immunity Against Omicron-Associated Severe Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Adults.

Introduction: We assessed protection from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and/or prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection against Omicron-associated severe outcomes during successive sublineage-predominant periods.

Methods: We used a test-negative design to estimate protection by vaccines and/or prior infection against hospitalization/death among community-dwelling, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-tested adults aged ≥50 years in Ontario, Canada, between 2 January 2022 and 30 June 2023. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the relative change in the odds of hospitalization/death with each vaccine dose (2-5) and/or prior PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (compared with unvaccinated, uninfected subjects) up to 15 months since the last vaccination or infection.

Newborn and Early Infant Outcomes Following Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy.

Importance: The study team previously showed that maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy confers protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospital admission in newborns and young infants. In this study, the study team evaluated newborn and early infant safety outcomes following maternal messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy, for which there is limited comparative epidemiological evidence.

Objective: To determine if maternal mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is associated with adverse newborn and early infant outcomes.

Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Monovalent and Bivalent Vaccine Booster Doses Against Omicron Severe Outcomes Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years in Ontario, Canada: A Canadian Immunization Research Network Study.

We estimated the effectiveness of booster doses of monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron-associated severe outcomes among adults aged ≥50 years in Ontario, Canada. Monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster doses provided similar strong initial protection against severe outcomes. Uncertainty remains around waning of protection from these vaccines.

Carcinoma cervix: A single institute experience from Kashmir, Northern India.

Background: Carcinoma cervix is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Carcinoma cervix is an uncommon malignancy in Kashmir. In this retrospective study, we have tried to find clinicopathological characteristics of carcinoma cervix along with the survival rates at our tertiary care hospital.

Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV-16 and HPV-18) from Bacterial Vaginosis Positive Patient Attending at Tertiary Care Hospital in Mymensingh.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the world and is the second leading malignancy among Bangladeshi women. Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important cause of development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) followed by cancer. Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a common treatable vaginal infection which can disrupt the balanced vaginal ecosystem and its innate protective mechanisms against infection, can play an essential role in the acquisition and persistence of high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection.