Personalized CZA-ATM dosing against an XDR E. coli in liver transplant patients; the application of the in vitro hollow fiber system.

Background: A patient with an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) and oxacillinase (OXA-48) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection was awaiting orthotopic liver transplant. There is no standardized antibiotic prophylaxis regimen; however, in line with the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidance, an antibiotic prophylactic regimen of ceftazidime-avibactam 2.

Defatting of donor transplant livers during normothermic perfusion-a randomised clinical trial: study protocol for the DeFat study.

Background: Liver disease is the third leading cause of premature death in the UK. Transplantation is the only successful treatment for end-stage liver disease but is limited by a shortage of suitable donor organs. As a result, up to 20% of patients on liver transplant waiting lists die before receiving a transplant.

Piperacillin/tazobactam for surgical prophylaxis during pancreatoduodenectomy: meta-analysis.

Background: Pancreatoduodenectomy is associated with an increased incidence of surgical-site infections, often leading to a significant rise in morbidity and mortality. This trend underlines the inadequacy of traditional antibiotic prophylaxis strategies. Hence, the aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the outcomes of antimicrobial prophylaxis, comparing piperacillin/tazobactam with traditional antibiotics.

The British Transplantation Society guidelines on ethics, law and consent in relation to deceased donors after circulatory death.

The British Transplantation Society (BTS) 'Guideline on transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death' has recently been updated and this manuscript summarises the relevant recommendations from chapters specifically related to law, ethics, donor consent and informing the recipient.

British Transplantation Society guidelines on abdominal organ transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death.

The British Transplantation Society (BTS) 'Guideline on transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death' has recently been updated and this manuscript summarises the relevant recommendations in abdominal organ transplantation from Donation after Circulatory Death (DCD) donors, encompassing the chapters on liver, kidney, pancreas and islet cell transplantation.

The British Transplantation Society guidelines on cardiothoracic organ transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death.

Maximising organ utilisation from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors could help meet some of the shortfall in organ supply, but it represents a major challenge, particularly as organ donors and transplant recipients become older and more medically complex over time. Success is dependent upon establishing common practices and accepted protocols that allow the safe sharing of DCD organs and maximise the use of the DCD donor pool. The British Transplantation Society 'Guideline on transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death' has recently been updated.

The British transplantation society guidelines on organ donation from deceased donors after circulatory death.

Recipient outcomes after transplantation with organs from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors can compare favourably and even match recipient outcomes after transplantation with organs from donation after brain death donors. Success is dependent upon establishing common practices and accepted protocols that allow the safe sharing of DCD organs and maximise the use of the DCD donor pool. The British Transplantation Society 'Guideline on transplantation from deceased donors after circulatory death' has recently been updated.

Management of patients at the hepatopancreatobiliary unit of a London teaching hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.

To mitigate COVID-19-related shortage of treatment capacity, the hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) unit of the Royal Free Hospital London (RFHL) transferred its practice to independent hospitals in Central London through the North Central London Cancer Alliance. The aim of this study was to critically assess this strategy and evaluate perioperative outcomes. Prospectively collected data were reviewed on all patients who were treated under the RFHL HPB unit in six hospitals between November 2020 and October 2021.

Donor-Recipient Body Surface Area Mismatch and the Outcome of Liver Transplantation in the UK.

Too small or too big liver grafts for recipient's size has detrimental effects on transplant outcomes. The purpose was to correlate donor-recipient body surface area ratio or body surface area index with recipient survival, graft survival, hepatic artery or portal vein, or vena cava thrombosis. High and low body surface area index cut-off points were determined.

Understanding the Immunoenvironment of Primary Liver Cancer: A Histopathology Perspective.

One of the most common cancers worldwide, primary liver cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma represent the majority of primary liver cancer cases. Despite advances in the development of novel anti-cancer therapies that exploit targets within the immune system, survival rates from liver cancer remain poor.

Proceedings of the 26th Annual Virtual Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society.

After a 1-y absence due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the 26th Annual Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society was held from May 15 to 18, 2021, in a virtual format. Clinicians and researchers from all over the world came together to share their knowledge on all the aspects of liver transplantation (LT). Apart from a focus on LT in times of coronavirus disease 2019, featured topics of this year's conference included infectious diseases in LT, living donation, machine perfusion, oncology, predictive scoring systems and updates in anesthesia/critical care, immunology, radiology, pathology, and pediatrics.

In situ normothermic regional perfusion versus ex situ normothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation from donation after circulatory death.

In situ normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) and ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) aim to improve the outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) using controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD). NRP and NMP have not yet been compared directly. In this international observational study, outcomes of LT performed between 2015 and 2019 for organs procured from cDCD donors subjected to NRP or NMP commenced at the donor center were compared using propensity score matching (PSM).

Does machine perfusion improve immediate and short-term outcomes by enhancing graft function and recipient recovery after liver transplantation? A systematic review of the literature, meta-analysis and expert panel recommendations.

Background: Recent evidence supports the use of machine perfusion technologies (MP) for marginal liver grafts. Their effect on enhanced recovery, however, remains uncertain.

Objectives: To identify areas in which MP might contribute to an ERAS program and to provide expert panel recommendations.

Machine perfusion of the liver: applications in transplantation and beyond.

The shortage of donor livers considered suitable for transplantation has driven the development of novel methods for organ preservation and reconditioning. Machine perfusion techniques can improve the quality of marginal livers, extend the time for which they can be preserved and enable an objective assessment of their quality and viability. These benefits can help avoid the needless wastage of organs based on hypothetical concerns regarding quality.

Recent advances in liver transplantation.

Liver transplant is a life-saving treatment with 1-year and 5-year survival rates of 90% and 70%, respectively. However, organ demand continues to exceed supply, such that many patients will die waiting for an available organ. This article reviews for the general gastroenterologist the latest developments in the field to reduce waiting list mortality and maximise utilisation of available organs.

Liver transplant outcomes after ex vivo machine perfusion: a meta-analysis.

Background: The pressure on liver-transplant programmes has expanded the usage of extended-criteria allografts. Machine perfusion may be better than conventional static cold storage (SCS) in alleviating ischaemia-reperfusion injury in this setting. Recipient outcomes with hypothermic or normothermic machine perfusion were assessed against SCS here.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on pancreatic cancer services and treatment pathways: United Kingdom experience.

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presented healthcare providers with an extreme challenge to provide cancer services. The impact upon the diagnostic and treatment capacity to treat pancreatic cancer is unclear. This study aimed to identify national variation in treatment pathways during the pandemic.