Body mass index and cancer mortality in patients with incident type 2 diabetes: A population-based study of adults in England.

Aims: We evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cancer mortality in incident type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD (1998-2015), linked with the Office of National Statistics mortalities, and derived an incident type 2 diabetes cohort (N = 176 886; aged 30-85 years). We determined BMI ±12 months diabetes diagnosis.

Parastomal hernia following cystectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion: a systematic review.

Purpose: The natural history of development of Parastomal hernia (PH) following cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to systematically review the frequency and risk factors of PH following ileal conduit diversion.

Methods: A systematic review of literature was performed and the Cochrane, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched from 1 January 1985 to 30th April 2016.

Repair of Perineal Hernia Following Abdominoperineal Excision with Biological Mesh: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Perineal hernia (PerH) following abdominoperineal excision (APE) procedure is a recognized complication. PerH was considered an infrequent complication of APE procedure; however, PerH rates of up to 45% have been reported in recent publications following a laparoscopic APE procedure. Various methods of repair of PerH with the use of synthetic meshes or myocutaneous flap have been described, although there is no general agreement on an optimal strategy.

A systematic review of new treatments for cryptoglandular fistula in ano.

Aim: In 2007 the ACPGBI published a position statement on the management of cryptoglandular fistula in ano. Over the last seven years a number of new treatments have been developed and the aim of this systematic review was to assess their effectiveness.

Method: A systematic review of all English language literature relevant to novel treatment strategies for cryptoglandular fistula in ano, published between 1 January 2007 and 31 Dec 2014 was carried out using MEDLINE (PubMed and Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid) and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews/Controlled Trials for relevant literature.

Biologic Mesh Reconstruction of the Pelvic Floor after Extralevator Abdominoperineal Excision: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the evidence for the use of biologic mesh in the reconstruction of the pelvic floor after extralevator abdominoperineal excision of the rectum (ELAPE).

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed was conducted using the search terms: "ELAPE," "extralevator abdominoperineal excision of rectum," or "extralevator abdominoperineal resection." The search yielded 17 studies.

Anal Sphincter Augmentation Using Biological Material.

Introduction: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of biological materials in the augmentation of the anal sphincter either as part of an overlapping sphincter repair (OSR) or anal bulking procedure.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed was conducted using the search terms "anal bulking agents," "anal sphincter repair," or "overlapping sphincter repair." Five studies using biological material as part of an overlapping sphincter repair (OSR) or as an anal bulking agent were identified.

Rectopexy for Rectal Prolapse.

Introduction: Ventral mesh rectopexy (VMR) is a recognized treatment for posterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The aim of this review is to provide a synopsis of the evidence for biological mesh use in VMR, the most widely recognized surgical technique for posterior compartment POP.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed was conducted using the search terms "VMR," "ventral mesh rectopexy," or "mesh rectopexy.

Treatment of Fistula-In-Ano with Fistula Plug - a Review Under Special Consideration of the Technique.

Introduction: In a recent Cochrane review, the authors concluded that there is an urgent need for well-powered, well-conducted randomized controlled trials comparing various modes of treatment of fistula-in-ano. Ten randomized controlled trials were available for analyses: There were no significant differences in recurrence rates or incontinence rates in any of the studied comparisons. The following article reviews the studies available for treatment of fistula-in-ano with a fistula plug with special attention paid to the technique.

Biological Meshes for Inguinal Hernia Repair - Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Biological meshes are a potential alternative to the synthetic meshes to avoid complications and are used in a contaminated field for incarcerated inguinal hernias. The clinical experiences gained with biological meshes for repair of inguinal hernias are presented in this review.

Materials And Methods: In a literature search of the Medline database using the key word "Biological mesh," 2,277 citations were found.

A rare case of umbilical hernia containing the pancreas.

We present an extremely rare case of anterior abdominal wall hernia containing multiple viscera and the pancreas in a morbidly obese patient.