Review on microgrids design and monitoring approaches for sustainable green energy networks.

Microgrids are power distribution systems that can operate either in a grid-connected configuration or in an islanded manner, depending on the availability of decentralized power resources, such as sustainable or non-sustainable power sources, battery backup systems, and power demands. The extensive adoption of inverter-based systems poses numerous technological challenges, necessitating a centralized management system to assure the system reliability and monitoring of the energy delivery networks. Thus, this research begins by highlighting these significant obstacles and then analyzes the present-day advances in multilevel control architecture for delivering on promised functionality.

Expert knowledge-based peak current mode control of electrosurgical generators for improved output power regulation.

Electrosurgical generators (ESG) are widely used in medical procedures to cut and coagulate tissue. Accurate control of the output power is crucial for surgical success, but can be challenging to achieve. In this paper, a novel expert knowledge-based peak current mode controller (EK-PCMC) is proposed to regulate the output power of an ESG.

Improved PVC/ZnO Nanocomposite Insulation for High Voltage and High Temperature Applications.

Nanosized inorganic oxides have the trends to improve many characteristics of solid polymer insulation. In this work, the characteristics of improved poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/ZnO are evaluated using 0, 2, 4 and 6 phr of ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrix using internal mixer and finally compressed into circular disk with 80 mm diameter using compression molding technique. Dispersion properties are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and optical microscopy (OM).

Adaptive fuzzy-based stability control and series impedance correction for the grid-tied inverter.

The regenerative braking in the tram allows the energy to be returned to the power grid through a power inverter. Since the inverter location between the tram and the power grid is not fixed, resulting in a wide variety of impedance networks at grid coupling points, posing a severe threat to the stable operation of the grid-tied inverter (GTI). By independently changing the loop characteristics of the GTI, the adaptive fuzzy PI controller (AFPIC) can adjust according to different impedance network parameters.

Duplex PD inertial damping control paradigm for active power decoupling of grid-tied virtual synchronous generator.

The growth of distributed generation significantly reduces the synchronous generators' overall rotational inertia, causing large frequency deviation and leading to an unstable grid. Adding virtual rotational inertia using virtual synchronous generators (VSG) is a promising technique to stabilize grid frequency. Due to coupled nature of frequency and active output power in a grid-tied virtual synchronous generator (GTVSG), the simultaneous design of transient response and steady state error becomes challenging.

Numerical Investigation of Photo-Generated Carrier Recombination Dynamics on the Device Characteristics for the Perovskite/Carbon Nitride Absorber-Layer Solar Cell.

The nitrogenated holey two-dimensional carbon nitride (C2N) has been efficaciously utilized in the fabrication of transistors, sensors, and batteries in recent years, but lacks application in the photovoltaic industry. The C2N possesses favorable optoelectronic properties. To investigate its potential feasibility for solar cells (as either an absorber layer/interface layer), we foremost detailed the numerical modeling of the double-absorber-layer−methyl ammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) −carbon nitride (C2N) layer solar cell and subsequently provided in-depth insight into the active-layer-associated recombination losses limiting the efficiency (η) of the solar cell.

Framework for Efficient Auto-Scaling of Virtual Network Functions in a Cloud Environment.

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) offers an alternate method to design, deploy and manage network services. The NFV decouples network functions from the dedicated hardware and moves them to the virtual servers so that they can run in the software. One of the major strengths of the NFV is its ability to dynamically extend or reduce resources allocated to Virtual Network Functions (VNF) as needed and at run-time.

Three-Dimensional Multi-Target Tracking Using Dual-Orthogonal Baseline Interferometric Radar.

Multi-target tracking (MTT) generally needs either a Doppler radar network with spatially separated receivers or a single radar equipped with costly phased array antennas. However, Doppler radar networks have high computational complexity, attributed to the multiple receivers in the network. Moreover, array signal processing techniques for phased array radar also increase the computational burden on the processing unit.

Implementation of a Distributed Framework for Permissioned Blockchain-Based Secure Automotive Supply Chain Management.

An automotive supply chain includes a range of activities from the concept of the product to its final transfer to a customer and subsequent vehicle maintenance. The three distinct stages of this chain are production, sales, and maintenance. In many countries, automobile records are not available to the public and anyone who has access to the central database or government systems can tamper with these records.

Lifetime Estimation and Orientation Effect Based on Long-Term Degradation Analysis of Thermoset and Thermoplastic Insulators.

Polymeric insulators have replaced ceramic insulators due to their obvious properties like low surface energy, which exhibits good hydrophobic performance, low weight, etc. However, electric utilities have concerns about their long-term performance. In that context, the long-term performance of two different types of polymeric insulators are investigated in this study: thermoset Silicone rubber (SiR) and thermoplastic elastomeric (TPE).

Synthesis of activated carbon-surfactant modified montmorillonite clay-alginate composite membrane for methylene blue adsorption.

In this research work, a novel composite membrane was synthesized from activated carbon (AC) derived from sesban, sodium benzyl dodycyel sulphate (SBDS) treated montmorillonite (MMT) clay and alginate (alg) for the adsorption of methylene-blue (MB) dye. The AC-MMT-alg composite membranes were characterized using analytical characterizations such as FTIR, SEM, EDX and TGA analysis. Several important factors like initial solution pH, contact time, membrane dose, MB concentrations and temperature effect on the adsorption efficiency of membrane were investigated.

Free Space Optics Transmission Performance Enhancement for Sustaining 5G High Capacity Data Services.

Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space optics (FSO) communication frameworks. The high bandwidth, the maximum number of channel transmission requirements, and high data rate have been boosted during the last years because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The online services and digital applications have increased pressure on installed optical network models.

Low-Stress and Optimum Design of Boost Converter for Renewable Energy Systems.

This paper examines the design and analysis of DC-DC converters for high-power and low-voltage applications such as renewable energy sources (RESs) and comparisons between converters based on switch stresses and efficiency. The RESs including photovoltaic arrays and fuel cell stacks must have enhanced output voltages, such as 380 V DC in the case of a full bridge inverter or 760 V DC in the case of a half bridge inverter, in order to interface with the 220 V AC grid-connected power system. One of the primary difficulties in developing renewable energy systems is enhancing DC-DC converters' efficiency to enable high step-up voltage conversion with high efficiency and low voltage stress.

Cascaded robust control of mechanical ventilator using fractional order sliding mode control.

A mechanical ventilator is an important medical equipment that assists patients who have breathing difficulties. In recent times a huge percentage of COVID-19 infected patients suffered from respiratory system failure. In order to ensure the abundant availability of mechanical ventilators during COVID-19 pandemic, most of the manufacturers around the globe utilized open source designs.

Robust fuzzy sliding mode controller for a skid-steered vehicle subjected to friction variations.

Skid-steered vehicles (SSV) are gaining huge importance in the market due to their applications like construction, agricultural work, material handling etc. The accuracy of performing such tasks require a robust control algorithm. The design of such controller is very challenging task due to external disturbances caused by wheel-ground interaction and aerodynamic effects.

Understanding Variations in the Tracking and Erosion Performance of HTV-SR-Based Composites due to AC-Stressed Aging.

Among the polymeric family, high-temperature-vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV-SR) is the most deployed material for high voltage insulation applications. However, in an outdoor environment, due to contamination and wetting-induced dry band arcing, consequently SR experiences surface tracking and erosion. From a practical standpoint, the tracking and erosion performance under multi-stress aging is required to be known.

Influence of Ramped Compression on the Dielectric Behavior of the High-Voltage Epoxy Composites.

The emergence of micro and nano-based inorganic oxide fillers with optimal filler-loadings further enhances the required insulation characteristics of neat epoxy. During manufacturing and service application, insulators and dielectrics face mechanical stresses which may alter their basic characteristics. Keeping this in mind, the facts' influence of mechanical stresses and fillers on dielectric properties of polymeric insulators of two epoxy/silica composites were fabricated and thoroughly analyzed for dielectric characteristics under ramped mechanical compressions relative to the unfilled sample.

Surface Recovery Investigation of Silicone Rubber Composites for Outdoor Electrical Insulation under Accelerated Temperature and Humidity.

Degradation of silicon rubber due to heat and humidity affect its performance in outdoor applications. To analyze the effects of high temperature and humidity on room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber (SiR) and its composites, this study was performed. Five different sample compositions including neat silicone rubber (nSiR), microcomposites (15 wt% silica(SMC 15% SiO) and 15 wt% ATH(SMC 15% ATH), nanocomposite (2.

Neuroadaptive control of saturated nonlinear systems with disturbance compensation.

Extended state observer acting as a popular tool can estimate the system states and total disturbances simultaneously. However, for extended-state-observer-based control of high-order nonlinear systems, there are still some difficult issues to solve, such as how to simultaneously reject matched and mismatched model uncertainties with strict theoretical proof, especially in the case of output feedback, "explosion of complexity" and so on. Motivated by these reasons, different control schemes in full-state feedback and output feedback conditions respectively will be integrated via the filter-based backstepping approach for saturated nonlinear systems.

Multi-Stressed Nano and Micro-Silica/Silicone Rubber Composites with Improved Dielectric and High-Voltage Insulation Properties.

The scope of silicone rubber (SiR) is confined due to the deprivation of its dielectric propertiesupon exposure to various ambient stresses. The aim of this research is to develop silicone rubber-based composites by employing inorganic oxide fillers for improved dielectric and high voltage insulation properties for widening its scope in the field of electrical appliances. This study reports the preparation of different composites of silicone rubber with varying concentrations of micro and nano-silica fillers.

Adaptive Robust Trajectory Tracking Control of Multiple Quad-Rotor UAVs with Parametric Uncertainties and Disturbances.

Recently, formation flying of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) found numerous applications in various areas such as surveillance, industrial automation and disaster management. The accuracy and reliability for performing group tasks by multiple UAVs is highly dependent on the applied control strategy. The formation and trajectories of multiple UAVs are governed by two separate controllers, namely formation and trajectory tracking controllers respectively.

Sensorless fractional order composite sliding mode control design for wind generation system.

A high-performance control system is essential to transfer maximum power from wind power generation system (WPGS) to the utility grid. In this paper, a fuzzy fractional-order terminal sliding mode control (Fuzzy-FOSMC) is presented based on the boundary layer approach. This boundary layer approach leads to the trade-off between chattering elimination and control performances.

Analysis and Evaluation of COVID-19 Web Applications for Health Professionals: Challenges and Opportunities.

The multidisciplinary nature of the work required for research in the COVID-19 pandemic has created new challenges for health professionals in the battle against the virus. They need to be equipped with novel tools, applications, and resources-that have emerged during the pandemic-to gain access to breakthrough findings; know the latest developments; and to address their specific needs for rapid data acquisition, analysis, evaluation, and reporting. Because of the complex nature of the virus, healthcare systems worldwide are severely impacted as the treatment and the vaccine for COVID-19 disease are not yet discovered.