Both Ultrasound Features and Nuclear Atypia are Associated with Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules with Atypia of Undetermined Significance.

Background: The optimal management of thyroid nodules that undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with findings of atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) is unclear. Categorizing nodules by AUS subtype and ultrasound characteristics may improve risk stratification. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between AUS subtype and ultrasound features on risk of malignancy (ROM).

Spontaneous epidural air entrapment.

Background: Epidural pneumorrhachis (EPR), an extension of pneumomediastinum, results from air that leaks from the mediastinum and accumulates in the epidural space of the spine. It is an uncommon, benign condition; most cases are asymptomatic, are recognized only on computed tomography scans, and require no treatment.

Case Report: We present a case of EPR, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous emphysema in a young male who was managed conservatively with supportive care.

Abdominal pain as initial presentation of lung cancer.

Isolated spleen metastasis (ISM) in general is very rare with a reported incidence of 2.3-7.1% for all solid cancers.

Gastrointestinal Kaposi's Sarcoma Presenting as Ileocolic Intussusception.

Context: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement with KS commonly occurs in association with cutaneous lesions or lymph node involvement, with GI tract involvement alone occurring in only 3.5% of cases.

Hyponatremia associated with unilateral hand weakness and numbness: a case report.

Context: The key clinical features in this case are to make the diagnosis apical lung cancer (Pancoast tumor) in a patient with brachial plexopathy and to recognize the association between syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) as a paraneoplastic syndrome and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Case Report: We herein describe a rare case of NSCLC presented as pancoast tumor complicated by brachial plexopathy and associated with SIADH as a paraneoplastic phenomena. There were no renal insufficiency, congestive cardiac failure, liver insufficiency, volume depletion, diuretic use, hypoadrenalism, and hypothyroidism in our patient.

Loeffler's endocarditis with biventricular mural thrombi.

A 42-year-old man presented to clinic with 1-week history of cough, malaise, loss of appetite and fever. Symptoms started acutely with cough and generalised weakness followed by fever, chills, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. He has been healthy before with no chronic illnesses.

A skin nodule in a 66-year-old man as sign of an ominous prognosis.

Skin metastases are common in lung cancer but are rarely noted as the presenting complaint. As evidence of dissemination, they, of course, carry an ominous prognosis. We present a case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung in an otherwise healthy man, whose only symptom was a painless skin nodule.

Cocaine-induced leg ulceration.

A 48-year-old woman presented with a red, pruritic and painful skin rash on her legs bilaterally after she snorted cocaine. This was associated with fever and cough. Physical examination showed large violaceous plaques and large flaccid bullae, involving bilateral lower extremities.

Telescoping intestine in an adult.

Protrusion of a bowel segment into another (intussusception) produces severe abdominal pain and culminates in intestinal obstruction. In adults, intestinal obstruction due to intussusception is relatively rare phenomenon, as it accounts for minority of intestinal obstructions in this population demographic. Organic lesion is usually identifiable as the cause of adult intussusceptions, neoplasms account for the majority.

Right coronary artery aneurysm: an unusual cause of chest pain.

Giant coronary artery aneurysm is an uncommon but well-recognised entity in infants and children with Kawasaki disease. We describe an unusual case of ischaemic cardiomyopathy in an 86-year-old woman owing to giant aneurysm in a dominant right coronary artery discovered with left heart catheterisation and was missed on ECG and nuclear studies. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis which allows appropriate management.

Leukocytosis of unknown origin: gangrenous cholecystitis.

There have been case reports where patients admitted with acute cholecystitis, who were managed conservatively, had subsequently developed GC (gangrenous cholecystitis). The current case is unique, since our patient denied any prior episodes of abdominal pain and the only tip off was leukocytosis. A high index of suspicion is essential for the early diagnosis and treatment of GC.