Bacterial contamination of multiple-use atomizers commonly used in Japan.

Before performing transnasal fiberscopy to observe the nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx in outpatient clinics, nasal anesthetics and vasoconstrictive agents are routinely sprayed into the nares in order to improve patients' comfort. Bacterial contamination of the nozzles of Venturi principle atomizer barrels and their solutions after being used for multiple patients over a long-term period without cleaning is controversial. We evaluated the potential risk of atomizer-associated cross-infection by using atomizers commonly available in Japan that use compressed air to atomize medication.